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. 2021 Oct 16;5:107. doi: 10.1186/s41687-021-00384-0

Table 3.

Construct validity: correlationsa between selected PRO items among 278 outpatients with chronic kidney disease

Daily activities Renal function Feeling aversion to food Quality of life Interpretation of correlation (r) Shape of relationship
Nocturnal awakening

r = 0.31

p < 0.0001

Hypothesis rejected Negative linear
Self-rated health

r = 0.19b

p = 0.004

Hypothesis accepted Negative linear
Lack of appetite

r = 0.77

p < 0.0001

Hypothesis accepted Negative linear
Daily activities

r = 0.58

p < 0.0001

Hypothesis accepted Negative linear

aSpearman correlation coefficients (r) were calculated

bn = 233