Table 1. Patient demography and preoperative clinical profile.
| n=27 (%) | |
|---|---|
| Mean age (years) | 68 (range 44–91) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 12 (44) |
| Female | 15 (54) |
| American Society Anesthesiology score | |
| 1 | 2 (7) |
| 2 | 15 (56) |
| 3 | 10 (37) |
| 4 | Nil |
| Comorbidity# | |
| Hypertension | 15 (56) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (11) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 11 (41) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 5 (19) |
| Smoking (current active) | 8 (30) |
| Body mass index (mean) | 28.6 (range 18.5–34.5) |
| Clinical diagnosis | |
| Choledocholithiasis | 18 (67) |
| Cholangitis | 6 (22) |
| Acute biliary pancreatitis | 3 (11) |
| Pre-operative haemoglobin (gm/dL) | 12.4 (range 9.6–15.3) |
| Pre-operative Bilirubin (mol/L) | 42.1 (range 9–215) |
| Preoperative Alkaline phosphatase (units) | 198 (range 56–595) |
| Preoperative Imaging | |
| Computerized tomography scan | 7 (26) |
| MRCP scan | 20 (74) |
| Previous ERCP | |
| Yes | 15 (56) |
| No | 12 (44) |
| ERCP stenting | 10 |
#Some patients had >1 comorbidity, MRCP – Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, ERCP – Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography