Vela 1987.

Methods	Single‐center double‐blind randomized controlled trial in Spain
Participants	Included 17 term infants with perinatal asphyxia (defined as 3 of the following criteria: multiple late fetal heart rate decelerations, fetal bradycardia for > 20 minutes, meconium‐stained amniotic fluid, Apgar score at 5 minutes of ≤ 7, requiring mechanical ventilation, requiring IV bicarbonate therapy)
Interventions	Phenobarbital group (n = 9) received conventional therapy plus phenobarbital (12 mg/kg IM, followed by 6 mg/kg/day for 7 days) Phenytoin group (n = 8) received conventional therapy plus phenytoin (12 mg/kg IM, followed by 6 mg/kg/day for 7 days)
Outcomes	Primary outcome: seizures Secondary outcomes: adverse effects of medication administration (i.e. drowsiness, bradycardia)
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method for randomization not stated
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Allocation concealment not specified
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Referred to as a double‐blind trial, blinding of treatment team or assessors (or both) not clearly stated
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Outcome data was complete to 100%
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes were reported