Table 1.
Patients’ Characteristics
| Variables | No. Pts | Overall |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 96 | 55.50 (28.00–88.00) |
| 55.72±12.25 | ||
| Male (%) | 96 | 69 (71.90%) |
| Etiology of liver diseases | ||
| Hepatitis B virus (%) | 96 | 46 (47.90%) |
| Hepatitis C virus (%) | 96 | 10 (10.40%) |
| Alcohol abuse (%) | 96 | 25 (26.00%) |
| Autoimmune liver diseases (%) | 96 | 7 (7.30%) |
| History of endoscopic variceal treatment (%) | 96 | 63 (65.60%) |
| History of using NSBBs (%) | 96 | 52 (54.20%) |
| Laboratory tests | ||
| Red blood cell (1012/L) | 96 | 3.40 (1.96–5.07) |
| 3.46±0.81 | ||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 96 | 103.00 (47.00–155.00) |
| 101.38±27.44 | ||
| White blood cell (109/L) | 96 | 3.60 (1.00–20.10) |
| 4.23±2.60 | ||
| Platelet (109/L) | 96 | 76.50 (19.00–470.00) |
| 99.63±78.72 | ||
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 96 | 20.70 (5.60–119.30) |
| 25.08±19.05 | ||
| Direct bilirubin (μmol/L) | 96 | 8.70 (1.90–81.80) |
| 11.77±11.00 | ||
| Albumin (g/L) | 96 | 31.89 (21.30–50.60) |
| 33.19±6.48 | ||
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 96 | 24.15 (4.47–152.11) |
| 29.15±22.02 | ||
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 96 | 31.61 (9.92–202.40) |
| 4.53±30.40 | ||
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 96 | 92.98 (27.98–983.93) |
| 130.46±161.00 | ||
| Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (U/L) | 96 | 44.69 (8.23–1227.00) |
| 83.85±142.45 | ||
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 96 | 5.30 (1.86–14.68) |
| 5.89±2.73 | ||
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 96 | 64.77 (32.65–178.55) |
| 66.60±20.40 | ||
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 96 | 3.92 (2.42–5.45) |
| 3.90±0.47 | ||
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 96 | 139.00 (118.00–147.70) |
| 138.23±3.59 | ||
| Prothrombin time (seconds) | 96 | 16.00 (12.10–23.10) |
| 16.26±2.30 | ||
| INR | 96 | 1.30 (0.90–2.04) |
| 1.32±0.23 | ||
| Child-Pugh score | 96 | 6.50 (5.00-11.00) |
| 6.81±1.59 | ||
| Child-Pugh class A/B/C (%) | 96 | 48 (50.00%)/40 (41.70%)/8 (8.30%) |
| MELD score | 96 | 9.98 (6.65–26.39) |
| 11.09±3.69 | ||
| Primary prophylaxis (%) | 96 | 14 (14.60%) |
| Secondary prophylaxis (%) | 96 | 82 (85.40%) |
| Good adherence to NSBBs (%) | 96 | 74 (77.10%) |
| Response to NSBBs (%) | 96 | 42 (43.80%) |
| Dosage titration (%) | 96 | 30 (31.30%) |
Abbreviations: Pts, patients; INR, international normalized ratio; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; NSBBs, non-selective beta blockers.