Table 2.

Models predicting bullying behaviours from children’s early adversity and co-occurring conduct problems from bivariate and multivariate analysis

	Age-7 and 10 bullying behaviours and conduct problems
	Bullying behaviours	Conduct problems	Bullying behaviours controlling for other conduct problems	Conduct problems controlling for bullying behaviours
Age-5 predictors	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Undercontrolled temperament	0.15 (0.09, 0.21)	0.16 (0.10, 0.23)	0.04 (0.00, 0.07)	0.06 (0.02, 0.10)
Child maltreatment	0.16 (0.10, 0.21)	0.13 (0.07, 0.19)	0.07 (0.03, 0.10)	0.02 (− 0.02, 0.06)
Low warmth	0.09 (0.02, 0.16)	0.13 (0.05, 0.20)	0.00 (− 0.04, 0.04)	0.06 (0.02, 0.11)
Domestic violence	0.20 (0.15, 0.26)	0.16 (0.11, 0.22)	0.09 (0.05, 0.12)	0.02 (− 0.02, 0.06)
Parents’ antisocial behaviour	0.23 (0.17, 0.29)	0.22 (0.15, 0.28)	0.08 (0.05, 0.12)	0.06 (0.02, 0.09)
Low socioeconomic status	0.20 (0.15, 0.26)	0.17 (0.11, 0.23)	0.09 (0.05, 0.12)	0.03 (− 0.01, 0.07)

Significant associations have been shown in bold

Associations are expressed as standardised regression coefficients (β) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Residuals of regression analysis with bullying behaviours and conduct problem were normally distributed. Log-transformation of variables did not affect the observed associations