Table 1.
Season | Sample | Raw material | Type of microorganism1 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TAB | Coliform | E. coli | Y/M | S. aureus | B. cereus | |||
Winter (February-March) | 1 | Cherry tomatoes, grapes, pear | 3.42±1.062ef3 | 0.76±0.13e | ND4 | 3.15±0.64cd | ND | NDb |
2 | Apple, cherry tomatoes, grapes | 3.82±1.12def | 3.51±0.61a | ND | 1.56±1.92e | ND | NDb | |
3 | Pineapple | NDg | NDe | ND | 3.73±0.25bcd | ND | NDb | |
4 | Apple, grapes, pear | 4.67±0.92abcd | NDe | ND | 1.72±0.59e | ND | NDb | |
5 | Apple, dragon fruit, grapes, green grapes, green kiwi, orange, pineapple, tomatoes | 1.24±0.45g | 0.70±0.00e | ND | 3.16±0.42cd | ND | 1.70±0.00b | |
Spring (April-May) | 6 | Pineapple | 0.82±0.27g | NDe | ND | 6.77±0.33a | ND | NDb |
7 | Apple, dragon fruit, grapes, green kiwi, orange, pineapple | 4.74±0.70abcd | 0.91±0.47e | ND | 6.22±0.76a | ND | NDb | |
8 | Apple, cherry tomatoes, grapes, pineapple | 4.06±0.23cdef | 1.96±1.57c | ND | 6.31±0.77a | ND | NDb | |
9 | Cherry tomatoes, grapes, green kiwi, pineapples, sweet persimmons | 2.95±2.33f | 1.06±0.37de | ND | 3.38±0.28bcd | ND | NDb | |
10 | Apples, cherry tomatoes, grapes, green kiwi, oranges, pineapples, sweet persimmons | 3.07±0.56ef | 1.72±0.55cd | ND | 4.23±0.16bc | ND | NDb | |
Summer (June-July) | 11 | Apple, citrus, dragon fruit, grapes, green kiwi, orange, pineapple, tomatoes | 3.52±0.82def | 1.13±0.40de | ND | 3.68±0.36bcd | ND | 2.08±0.47a |
12 | Pineapple | 1.24±0.48g | 0.70±0.00e | ND | 4.49±0.43b | ND | 1.70±0.00b | |
13 | Melon | 5.05±0.97abc | 2.89±1.06ab | ND | 3.25±1.11cd | ND | NDb | |
14 | Melon | 5.78±0.64a | 2.10±0.33bc | ND | 4.00±0.35bcd | ND | NDb | |
15 | Watermelon | 5.46±0.82ab | 2.54±0.89bc | ND | 3.28±0.28cd | ND | NDb | |
Fall (August-October) | 16 | Orange, pear | 4.28±0.30bcde | 0.98±0.17de | ND | 2.89±0.96d | ND | NDb |
17 | Grapes, pear | 3.70±0.52def | NDe | ND | 2.91±0.47d | ND | NDb | |
18 | Melon, tomatoes | 5.50±0.61a | 2.36±0.41bc | ND | 2.85±1.23d | ND | NDb | |
19 | Melon, watermelon | 4.26±0.44bcde | 2.13±0.62bc | ND | 4.48±0.54b | ND | NDb | |
20 | Dragon fruit, fig, watermelon | 5.13±0.68abc | 2.51±0.49bc | ND | 3.85±0.94bcd | ND | NDb | |
Total | 3.67±1.73 | 1.54±1.01 | ND | 3.80±1.51 | ND | 1.72±0.13 |
1 Detection limit was 0.7 log10 CFU/g for TAB (total aerobic bacteria), coliforms, E. coli, and Y/M (yeast/mold) and 1.70 log10 CFU/g for S. aureus, and B. cereus, respectively.
2Means ± standard deviation (n = 5).
3Means with no significant difference among the same lowercase letters in the same column (P > 0.05).
4ND: not detected