Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Watchman Recipients Stratified on the Basis of Race/Ethnicity
| Variable, n (%) | White (n=30 075) | Black (n=1480) | Hispanics (n=2090) | Other races (n=1315) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y; median (IQR) | 77 (72–82) | 72 (66–78) | 77 (70–82) | 75 (67–82) | |
| Women | 12 270 (40.8) | 795 (53.7) | 910 (43.5) | 535 (40.7) | <0.01 |
| Age, y | <0.01 | ||||
| <65 | 1865 (6.2) | 320 (21.6) | 275 (13.2) | 200 (15.2) | |
| 65–74 | 9630 (32.0) | 545 (36.8) | 595 (28.5) | 455 (34.6) | |
| ≥75 | 18 580 (61.8) | 615 (41.6) | 1220 (58.4) | 660 (50.2) | |
| CHA2DS2-VASc Score | <0.01 | ||||
| 0 | 100 (0.3) | 10 (0.7) | <11 (<0.5) | <11 (<0.8) | |
| 1 | 905 (3) | 45 (3) | 105 (5) | 70 (5.3) | |
| 2 | 4245 (14.1) | 245 (16.6) | 245 (11.7) | 245 (18.6) | |
| 3 | 9345 (31.1) | 395 (26.7) | 625 (29.9) | 390 (29.7) | |
| 4 | 9280 (30.9) | 465 (31.4) | 640 (30.6) | 310 (23.6) | |
| 5 | 4515 (15) | 190 (12.8) | 315 (15.1) | 205 (15.6) | |
| ≥6 | 1685 (5) | 130 (8.7) | 150 (7.1) | 85 (6.5) | |
| Median score | 4 (3–4) | 4 (3–4) | 4 (3–4) | 3 (2–4) | <0.01 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Deficiency anemia | 1035 (3.4) | 60 (4.1) | 45 (2.2) | 15 (1.1) | <0.01 |
| CHF | 9810 (32.6) | 710 (48.0) | 730 (34.9) | 420 (31.9) | <0.01 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 6575 (21.9) | 460 (31.1) | 420 (20.1) | 210 (16.0) | <0.01 |
| Coagulopathy | 1240 (4.1) | 90 (6.1) | 70 (3.3) | 45 (3.4) | <0.01 |
| Coronary artery disease | 14 840 (49.3) | 635 (42.9) | 1005 (48.1) | 590 (44.9) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes | 5620 (18.7) | 260 (17.6) | 515 (24.6) | 300 (22.8) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension | 25 595 (85.1) | 1390 (93.9) | 1875 (89.7) | 1120 (85.2) | <0.01 |
| Liver disease | 700 (2.3) | 45 (3.0) | 100 (4.8) | 55 (4.2) | <0.01 |
| Obesity | 4790 (15.9) | 335 (22.6) | 355 (17.0) | 130 (9.9) | <0.01 |
| Peripheral vascular disorders | 3120 (10.4) | 145 (9.8) | 145 (6.9) | 105 (8.0) | <0.01 |
| Renal failure | 6920 (23.0) | 640 (43.2) | 490 (23.4) | 310 (23.6) | <0.01 |
| Weight loss | 125 (0.4) | <11 (<0.3) | 20 (1.0) | <11 (<0.8) | 0.003 |
| Hospital location | <0.01 | ||||
| Rural | 595 (2.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Urban nonteaching | 2700 (9.0) | 90 (6.1) | 185 (8.9) | 75 (5.7) | |
| Urban teaching | 26 780 (89.0) | 1390 (93.9) | 1905 (91.1) | 1240 (94.3) | |
| Bed size of the hospital | <0.01 | ||||
| Small | 3015 (10.0) | 115 (7.8) | 325 (15.6) | 175 (13.3) | |
| Medium | 6530 (21.7) | 320 (21.6) | 425 (20.3) | 265 (20.2) | |
| Large | 20 530 (68.3) | 1045 (70.6) | 1340 (64.1) | 875 (66.5) | |
| Census divisions | <0.01 | ||||
| New England | 935 (3.1) | 30 (2.0) | <11 (<0.5) | 15 (1.1) | |
| Mid-Atlantic | 4015 (13.3) | 205 (13.9) | 210 (10.0) | 200 (15.2) | |
| East North Central | 4580 (15.2) | 235 (15.9) | 110 (5.3) | 105 (8.0) | |
| West North Central | 2120 (7.0) | 65 (4.4) | 15 (0.7) | 30 (2.3) | |
| South Atlantic | 6605 (22.0) | 580 (39.2) | 185 (8.9) | 110 (8.4) | |
| East South Central | 1750 (5.8) | 90 (6.1) | <11 (<0.5) | <11 (<0.8) | |
| West South Central | 3165 (10.5) | 135 (9.1) | 715 (34.2) | 305 (23.2) | |
| Mountain | 2985 (9.9) | 60 (4.1) | 315 (15.1) | 80 (6.1) | |
| Pacific | 3920 (13.0) | 80 (5.4) | 525 (25.1) | 460 (35.0) | |
| Payee | <0.01 | ||||
| Medicare | 26 905 (89.7) | 1190 (80.4) | 1720 (82.3) | 1075 (81.7) | |
| Medicaid | 200 (0.7) | 75 (5.1) | 80 (3.8) | 50 (3.8) | |
| Private insurance | 2415 (8.0) | 155 (10.5) | 230 (11.0) | 150 (11.4) | |
| Self-pay | 145 (0.5) | <11 (<0.3) | 15 (0.7) | <11 (<0.8) | |
| Other | 20 (0.1) | <11 (<0.3) | <11 (<0.5) | <11 (<0.8) | |
| Median income | <0.01 | ||||
| 0–25 | 5570 (18.8) | 705 (48.0) | 600 (29.4) | 195 (15.0) | |
| 25–50 | 7810 (26.4) | 295 (20.1) | 480 (23.5) | 235 (18.1) | |
| 50–75 | 8375 (28.3) | 285 (19.4) | 570 (27.9) | 365 (28.1) | |
| 75–100 | 7880 (26.6) | 185 (12.6) | 390 (19.1) | 505 (38.8) | |
For n <11, the absolute numbers are not reported as per the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project recommendations. CHF indicates congestive heart failure; and IQR, interquartile range.