Table 3.
Behavior change technique used in the selected studies.
| Total N = 18 (100%) | References | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Goals and planning | Goal setting (behavior) | 10 (56%) | (19, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33–36) |
| Problem solving | 5 (28%) | (24, 26, 32–34) | |
| Action planning | 4 (22%) | (19, 25, 27, 33) | |
| Review behavior goal(s) | 2 (11%) | (25, 30) | |
| Review outcome goal(s) | 5 (28%) | (22, 25, 28, 29, 34) | |
| Feedback and monitoring | Monitoring of behavior by others without feedback | 2 (11%) | (23, 26) |
| Feedback on behavior | 6 (33%) | (20, 23, 25, 27, 29, 32) | |
| Self-monitoring of behavior | 9 (50%) | (17, 19, 19, 23, 23, 24, 24, 27, 28, 28–30, 32, 33, 33–36) | |
| Self-monitoring of outcome(s) of behavior | 2 (11%) | (31, 33) | |
| Biofeedback | 2 (11%) | (23, 28) | |
| Feedback on outcome(s) of behavior | 6 (33%) | (21, 22, 25, 29, 33, 35) | |
| Social support | Social support (unspecified) | 5 (28%) | (21, 24, 26–28) |
| Social support (practical) | 3 (17%) | (31, 33, 34) | |
| Natural consequences | Information about health consequences | 6 (33%) | (26, 29, 30, 32–34) |
| Salience of consequences | 1 (6%) | (32) | |
| Comparison of behavior | Demonstration of the behavior | 1 (6%) | (27) |
| Social comparison | 1 (6%) | (27) | |
| Repetition and substitution | Behavioral practice/rehearsal | 6 (33%) | (19, 21, 23, 24, 29, 33) |
| Behavior substitution | 1 (6%) | (24) | |
| Habit formation | 4 (22%) | (21, 24, 28, 32) | |
| Reward and threat | Social reward | 1 (6%) | (29) |
| Incentive (outcome) | 2 (11%) | (19, 31) | |
| Reward (outcome) | 1 (6%) | (27) | |
| Scheduled consequences | Reduce reward frequency | 1 (6%) | (30) |