Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of key variables, ANOVA, and multiple comparison results
| Latent variables | Measured variables | Overall | Hospital level | Information channel | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertiary | Secondary | Primary | Public | Private | |||
| Hospital Image | X11 | 3.28 ± 0.98 | 3.29 ± 0.95 | 3.34 ± 1.01*,1 | 3.11 ± 0.87*,1 | 3.49 ± 0.94*,1 | 2.93 ± 0.95*,1 |
| X12 | 2.55 ± 1.26 | 3.05 ± 1.40*,2 | 2.49 ± 1.29*,1 | 2.48 ± 1.06*,1 | 2.98 ± 1.18*,1 | 1.78 ± 1.02*,1 | |
| X13 | 2.50 ± 1.25 | 3.02 ± 1.46*,2 | 2.41 ± 1.27*,1 | 2.55 ± 1.02*,1 | 2.93 ± 1.18*,1 | 1.75 ± 0.99*,1 | |
| Patient expectation | X21 | 3.10 ± 1.10 | 2.96 ± 1.14 | 3.16 ± 1.14*,1 | 2.97 ± 0.96*,1 | 3.35 ± 1.01*,1 | 2.65 ± 1.11*,1 |
| X22 | 3.35 ± 0.85 | 3.28 ± 0.90 | 3.41 ± 0.86*,1 | 3.22 ± 0.78*,1 | 3.48 ± 0.83*,1 | 3.12 ± 0.84*,1 | |
| X23 | 2.80 ± 0.99 | 2.88 ± 1.07 | 2.78 ± 0.99 | 2.80 ± 0.94 | 2.95 ± 1.02*,1 | 2.52 ± 0.86*,1 | |
| Perceived quality | X31 | 3.27 ± 1.00 | 3.29 ± 0.98 | 3.33 ± 1.03*,1 | 3.10 ± 0.92*,1 | 3.48 ± 0.96*,1 | 2.91 ± 0.97*,1 |
| X32 | 3.38 ± 0.91 | 3.35 ± 0.94 | 3.37 ± 0.92 | 3.41 ± 0.85 | 3.53 ± 0.89*,1 | 3.10 ± 0.87*,1 | |
|
Reform policy |
X41 | 2.36 ± 1.29 | 2.90 ± 1.44*,2 | 2.30 ± 1.32*,1 | 2.30 ± 1.09*,1 | 2.78 ± 1.27* | 1.63 ± 0.96* |
| X42 | 0.64 ± 0.48 | 0.72 ± 0.45 | 0.62 ± 0.49 | 0.65 ± 0.48 | – | – | |
| X43 | 3.30 ± 0.87 | 2.99 ± 0.94*,2 | 3.35 ± 0.86*,1 | 3.30 ± 0.87*,1 | 3.46 ± 0.87*,1 | 3.02 ± 0.81*,1 | |
| X44 | 3.20 ± 0.86 | 2.97 ± 0.93*,2 | 3.25 ± 0.87*,1 | 3.16 ± 0.80*,1 | 3.34 ± 0.86*,1 | 2.95 ± 0.80*,1 | |
| X45 | 3.29 ± 0.90 | 3.15 ± 0.99*,1 | 3.35 ± 0.88*,2 | 3.20 ± 0.89*,1 | 3.41 ± 0.91*,1 | 3.08 ± 0.84*,1 | |
| Socio-demographics | X51 | 0.42 ± 0.49 | 0.32 ± 0.47*,1 | 0.45 ± 0.50*,1 | 0.39 ± 0.49 | 0.43 ± 0.50 | 0.40 ± 0.49 |
| X52 | 2.35 ± 1.25 | 2.41 ± 1.11 | 2.34 ± 1.28 | 2.34 ± 1.21 | 2.38 ± 1.24 | 2.29 ± 1.26 | |
| X53 | 2.88 ± 1.11 | 3.34 ± 1.05*,2 | 2.81 ± 1.09*,1 | 2.87 ± 1.13*,1 | 2.89 ± 1.11 | 2.87 ± 1.10* | |
| Satisfaction | ME1 | 2.70 ± 1.39 | 3.26 ± 1.49*,2 | 2.65 ± 1.42*,1 | 2.59 ± 1.19*,1 | 3.22 ± 1.24*,1 | 1.79 ± 1.15*,1 |
| ME2 | 3.35 ± 0.87 | 3.29 ± 0.88 | 3.40 ± 0.88*,1 | 3.23 ± 0.81*,1 | 3.50 ± 0.84*,1 | 3.08 ± 0.84*,1 | |
| Loyalty | Y1 | 3.30 ± 0.90 | 3.29 ± 0.88 | 3.36 ± 0.91*,1 | 3.13 ± 0.84*,1 | 3.43 ± 0.89*,1 | 3.08 ± 0.86*,1 |
| Y2 | 3.20 ± 0.96 | 3.42 ± 1.01*,1 | 3.26 ± 0.99*,1 | 2.94 ± 0.82*,2 | 3.33 ± 0.97*,1 | 2.97 ± 0.91*,1 | |
| Sample size | 1287 | 1287 | 130 | 851 | 306 | 819 | |
Note: [1] Asterisks and n = 1 or 2 (*, n) denote a statistically significant difference among the different hospital groups with ANOVA (α =0.05), and the number of differences by using multiple posteriori comparison