Table 1.
Participant demographics and BDI-II scores
| SPARK (ASD) | MTurk (TD) | Laboratory (ASD) | Laboratory (TD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N | 881 | 986 | 66 | 116 |
| Age in Years (M [SD]) | 30.94 (7.10) | 32.60 (6.85) | 24.09 (5.60) | 27.83 (6.75) |
| Non-Hispanic White (N [%]) | 693 (78.7%) | 735 (74.5%) | 57 (86.4%) | 83 (71.5%) |
| Gender (N [%]) | ||||
| Male | 332 (37.7%) | 368 (37.3%) | 37 (56.1%) | 38 (32.8%) |
| Female | 466 (52.9%) | 616 (62.5%) | 26 (39.4%) | 76 (65.5%) |
| Other/Non-binary | 81 (9.2%) | 2 (0.002%) | 3 (4.5%) | 2 (1.7%) |
| Education (N [%]) | ||||
| Less than High School | 4 (0.5%) | 8 (0.8%) | 2 (3.0%) | 0 (0%) |
| High School Diplomaa | 223 (25.3%) | 142 (14.4%) | 15 (22.7%) | 3 (2.6%) |
| Some College | 233 (26.4%) | 204 (20.7%) | 16 (24.2%) | 18 (15.5%) |
| 2-year College Degree | 88 (10.0%) | 133 (13.5%) | 6 (9.1%) | 5 (4.3%) |
| 4-year College Degree | 198 (22.5%) | 370 (37.5%) | 21 (31.8%) | 49 (42.2%) |
| Graduate/Professional Degree | 112 (12.7%) | 129 (13.1%) | 4 (6.1%) | 41 (35.3%) |
| Verbal IQ (M [SD])b | — | — | 103.65 (12.94) | 110.64 (12.40) |
| Nonverbal IQ (M[SD])b | — | — | 104.02 (17.58) | 107.22 (13.13) |
| BDI-II | ||||
| Total Score (M [SD]) | 17.48 (12.98) | 15.75 (13.29) | 13.20 (10.34) | 13.90 (13.19) |
| Above Clinical Cutoff (N [%])c | 492 (55.8%) | 489 (49.6%) | 29 (43.9%) | 53 (45.7%) |
Note. Samples included (a) 881 autistic adults recruited from the Simons Foundation SPARK cohort (SPARK), (b) 986 general population adults recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk), (c) 182 adults (66 diagnosed with ASD) recruited through laboratory experiments performed at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (Laboratory)
a
Includes individuals who received a GED or completed trade school/vocational programs that granted certificates/licenses but no degree.
b
Standardized score from four-subtest Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence–II (laboratory sample only)
c
Based on BDI-II total score of 14 or greater; missing items imputed using mean of remaining items.