Table 1.

Cohort Characteristics in ELSA 2004 and 2012

Variables	2004 (n = 7666)	2012 (n = 7729)
Age (y), mean ± SD	66.6 ± 9.9	67.6 ± 9.5
Gender, % (n)
Men	45.0 (3451)	44.6 (3447)
Women	55.0 (4215)	55.4 (4282)
Education, % (n)
No qualifications	37.4 (2862)	24.6 (1893)
Some qualifications	62.6 (4801)	75.4 (5802)
Ethnicity, % (n)
White	98.2 (7524)	96.9 (7493)
Non-white	1.8 (139)	3.1 (236)
Live with a partner, % (n)
Yes	68.6 (5257)	67.9 (5250)
No	31.4 (2409)	32.1 (2479)
Total wealth, % (n)
1 (lowest)	16.9 (1276)	20.2 (1464)
2	19.5 (1478)	19.9 (1440)
3	20.5 (1547)	20.1 (1457)
4	21.1 (1596)	20.0 (1449)
5 (highest)	22.0 (1666)	19.7 (1428)
Social class based on occupation, % (n)
Professional-managerial or intermediate	56.7 (4282)	61.5 (4699)
Manual	43.3 (3268)	38.5 (2937)
Obesity, % (n)
High BMI and waist circumference	27.7 (1969)	28.3 (2188)
High BMI or waist circumference	24.6 (1749)	22.4 (1734)
SBP (mm Hg), mean ± SD	135.3 ± 18.9	132.2 ± 17.5
DBP (mm Hg), mean ± SD	75.0 ± 11.2	73.5 ± 10.7
Triglyceride (mmol/L), mean ± SD	1.8 ± 1.2	1.5 ± 0.9
Cholesterol (mmol/L), mean ± SD	5.9 ± 1.2	5.5 ± 1.2
Current smoker, % (n)
Yes	14.5 (1111)	11.5 (892)
No	85.5 (6535)	88.5 (6837)
Cognitive function, mean ± SD	9.96 ± 3.6	10.7 ± 3.6
Hypertension, % (n)
Yes	43.6 (3341)	40.2 (3105)
No	56.4 (4325)	59.8 (4624)
CVD, % (n)
Yes	25.7 (1972)	24.2 (1870)
No	74.3 (5694)	75.8 (5859)
Hyperlipidemia, % (n)
Yes	–	38.8 (2995)
No	–	61.2 (4734)
CES-D scores, % (n)
<4	85.0 (6451)	86.8 (6639)
≥4	15.0 (1136)	13.2 (1011)

Note: BMI = body mass index; CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale; CVD = cardiovascular disease; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; SBP = systolic blood pressure.