Table 3.

Fractional anisotropy values for the cerebro-cerebellar tracts in HC and ALS-NEG and ALS-C9

Cerebro-cerebellar fractional anisotropy values			Estimated marginal mean±SE for groups			Statistics
			HC, n=110	ALS-NEG, n=133	ALS-C9, n=22	Univariate effect size	HC vs ALS-NEG	HC vs ALS-C9
Left*	FPC	L1L	0.453±0.005	0.446±0.005	0.439±0.005	η2p=0.064	0.953	0.125
		L1R	0.465±0.006	0.445±0.006	0.432±0.006	η2p=0.220	0.035	<0.001
	PPC	L1L	0.445±0.005	0.439±0.005	0.430±0.005	η2p=0.073	1.000	0.093
		L1R	0.452±0.006	0.442±0.006	0.423±0.006	η2p=0.143	0.763	0.006
	TPC	L1L	0.353±0.008	0.342±0.008	0.343±0.008	η2p=0.019	0.991	1.000
		L1R	0.338±0.008	0.347±0.008	0.335±0.008	η2p=0.020	1.000	1.000
	OPC	L1L	0.416±0.008	0.410±0.008	0.392±0.008	η2p=0.071	1.000	0.117
		L1R	0.389±0.010	0.362±0.011	0.363±0.011	η2p=0.063	0.226	0.256
	DRTC	L1L	0.395±0.005	0.399±0.005	0.394±0.005	η2p=0.006	1.000	1.000
		L1R	0.381±0.007	0.345±0.007	0.362±0.007	η2p=0.173	0.002	0.179
Right†	FPC	R1R	0.451±0.005	0.444±0.005	0.434±0.005	η2p=0.072	1.000	1.000
		R1L	0.447±0.005	0.436±0.005	0.437±0.005	η2p=0.043	1.000	1.000
	PPC	R1R	0.439±0.005	0.442±0.006	0.425±0.006	η2p=0.075	1.000	1.000
		R1L	0.426±0.006	0.417±0.006	0.425±0.006	η2p=0.021	1.000	1.000
	TPC	R1R	0.343±0.007	0.348±0.007	0.333±0.007	η2p=0.042	1.000	1.000
		R1L	0.352±0.008	0.347±0.008	0.338±0.008	η2p=0.026	1.000	1.000
	OPC	R1R	0.409±0.008	0.401±0.009	0.401±0.009	η2p=0.010	1.000	1.000
		R1L	0.392±0.009	0.371±0.009	0.377±0.009	η2p=0.049	1.000	1.000
	DRTC	R1R	0.390±0.005	0.391±0.005	0.387±0.005	η2p=0.005	1.000	1.000
		R1L	0.356±0.007	0.367±0.007	0.365±0.007	η2p=0.020	1.000	1.000

Estimated marginal mean±SE for fractional anisotropy adjusted for age and gender.

Post-hoc univariate comparisons across groups were only considered significant if the multivariate omnibus tests reached significance (left hemisphere).

Bold p values are significant at p<0.05 after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.

Partial η² effect size is interpreted as small (η²p=0.01), medium (η²p=0.06) or large (η²p=0.14).

*Wilks’ lambda=0.565; F=1.782; p=0.031; η²p=0.248.

†Wilks’ lambda=0.667; F=1.212; p=0.259; η²p=0.183.

ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ALS-C9, patients who tested positive for GGGGCC repeat expansions in C9orf72; ALS-NEG, patients who tested negative for both ATXN2 and C9orf72; DRTC, dentate-rubro-thalamo-cortical; FPC, fronto-ponto-cerebellar; HC, healthy control; L1L, Left cerebellum to left cerebral hemisphere; L1R, Left cerebellum to right cerebral hemisphere; OPC, occipito-ponto-cerebellar; PPC, parieto-ponto-cerebellar; R1L, Right cerebellum to left cerebral hemisphere; R1R, Right cerebellum to right cerebral hemisphere; TPC, temporo-ponto-cerebellar.