. 2021 Oct 4;12:687397. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687397

Table 1.

Autotaxin serum levels in patients of different inflammatory diseases and cancer.

Disease classification	PMID	Disease	Samples (M/F/M+F)	ATX¹	Method
Viral hepatitis	33102751	Chronic hepatitis C	28	1.1 ± 0.8	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
		Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	19	1.4 ± 0.4 *
		Alcoholic steatohepatitis	15	1.2 ± 0.4 *
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Chronic hepatitis B	38	0.9 ± 0.3
	21419756	Chronic Hepatitis C (histologically proven fibrosis)	74	2.40 ± 0.96	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
	21419756	Chronic Hepatitis C (FibroScan proven fibrosis)	134	2.20 ± 1.22	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
	27981605	Chronic viral hepatitis	14	0.19 (0.13 - 0.35) ^*	ELISA
		Chronic viral hepatitis	21	0.17 (0.04 - 0.13)
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	8	0.13 (0.02 - 0.20)
		Healthy controls	12	0.18 (0.09 - 0.35)
	28425454	Chronic hepatitis C	292	1.16 (0.85 - 1.68) *^{, #}	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
			301	1.64 (1.19 - 2.20) ^*
			593	1.39 (1.01 - 1.99) ^*
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	80	0.76 ^#
			80	0.82
			160	0.76
	31933517	Liver cirrhosis (multiple aetiologies)	240	1.58 ± 0.68 ^#	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
		Liver cirrhosis (multiple aetiologies)	160	1.99 ± 0.73
		Chronic hepatitis B	33	1.36 ± 0.62 ^{#, ~}
		Chronic hepatitis B	17	1.82 ± 0.5
		Chronic hepatitis C	64	1.62 ± 0.67 ^{#, $}
		Chronic hepatitis C	66	2.09 ± 0.71
		Non viral hepatitis	143	1.49 ± 0.71 ^#
		Non viral hepatitis	77	1.96 ± 0.79
	29114991	Chronic hepatitis B	62	1.10 (0.85-1.24)	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
			39	1.36 (1.23-1.64)
			101	1.22 (0.95-1.42)
Non-viral liver disorders	25062038	Liver cirrhosis	181	0.77 ± 0.41 ^{*, #}	ELISA
			89	0.86 ± 0.43 ^*
			270	0.81 ± 0.42 ^*
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	35	0.18 ± 0.04 ^#
			50	0.35 ± 0.47
			85	0.26 ± 0.40
	29568204	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	186	0.86 ^*	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	160	0.76
	30905718	Liver cirrhosis	50	0.44 ± 0.22 ^*	ELISA
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	20	0.19 ± 0.06
	31144415	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	173	0.67 ± 0.21 ^#	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
			134	0.97 ± 0.36
			307	0.81 ± 0.32
Bile duct disorders	31186435	Primary sclerosing cholangitis	193	6.3 ± 3.0 ^{#, *}	Homovanillic acid assay
			59	8.6 ± 4.9 ^*
			252	6.8 ± 3.7
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	57	2.5 ± 0.7 ^#
		Healthy controls	142	3.2 ± 1.5
	31651244	Primary biliary cholangitis – Severe	25	1.25 (0.72 - 4.31)	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Primary biliary cholangitis – Moderate	94	1.08 (0.58 - 3.12)
	27506882	Primary biliary cholangitis	118	10.2 ± 4.4	Homovanillic acid assay
		Primary sclerosing cholangitis	115	7.3 ± 3.4
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	Undisclosed	3.1 ± 1.7
			Undisclosed	2.5 ± 0.7
			109	2.8 ± 1.4
	29802350	Primary biliary cholangitis	20	1.00 (0.82 - 1.13) *^,#	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
			108	0.78 (0.66 - 0.98) ^*
			128	0.97 (0.79 - 1.11) ^*
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	80	0.76 ^#
			80	0.82
			160	0.76
	25450205	Preeclampsia / HELLP syndrome	17	16.8 ± 8.9	Homovanillic acid assay
		Pruritic disorders of pregnancy	33	16.8 ± 6.7
		Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy	55	43.5 ± 18.2 ^{*, †}
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Normal pregnancy	44	19.6 ± 5.4 ^*
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	57	2.5 ± 0.7 ^#
		Healthy controls	142	3.2 ± 1.5
Malignancies	2464234	Hepatocellular carcinoma	105	1.94 ± 1.01 ^#	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
			43	2.87 ± 0.76
			148	2.21 ± 1.03
	18710386	Acute myeloid leukemia	26	0.86 ± 0.29	ELISA
		Chronic lymphocytic leukemia	14	0.93 ± 0.30 ^*
		Follicular lymphoma	25	1.47 ± 0.69 ^*
		Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma	28	0.94 ± 0.39 ^*
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	74	0.66 ± 0.12 ^#
			46	0.85 ± 0.18
			120	0.73 ± 0.18
	27583415	Hepatocellular carcinoma	58	1.07 (0.84 - 1.37) ^*	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	74	0.68 ± 0.12 ^#
			46	0.97 ± 0.17
			120	0.73 ± 0.18
	29724718 ^a	Non-small cell lung cancer	19	0.124 ^*	TOOS assay
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	49	0.088
	30921203	Breast cancer	112	0.29 ± 0.04 ^*	ELISA
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	50	0.25 ± 0.02
Metabolic disorders	26727116	Obese – overweight people >60 yo	20	0.17 ± 0.01 ^#	ELISA
			40	0.29 ± 0.02
			60	0.25 ± 0.11
	26831013	Diabetic nephropathy	38	0.75 ± 0.27	ELISA
Autoimmune disorders	22493518 ^b	Rheumatoid arthritis	10	0.87 ± 0.83 ^*	ELISA
			16	1.12 ± 1.08 ^*
			26	1.03 ± 0.98 ^*
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Osteoarthritis	11	0.27 ± 0.19
			15	0.32 ± 0.19
			26	0.30 ± 0.19
	24984830	Multiple sclerosis	20	12.11 ± 1.42 ^*	TOOS assay
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Other neurological disorders	20	7.05 ± 1.51
Various disorders	26083365	Chronic liver diseases	18	1.37 ± 0.77 ^*	Two-site enzyme immunoassay
			17	1.46 ± 0.67 ^*
		Follicular lymphoma	10	0.95 ± 0.27 ^*
		Follicular lymphoma	15	1.28 ± 0.47 ^*
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	76	0.98 ± 0.58 ^#
		Healthy controls	98	1.49 ± 0.98
	32826822	Sepsis	84	443.6 (285.8 - 632.2)	TOOS assay
	33568105	Pancreatic diseases	114	0.39 ^*	ELISA
		Benign pancreatic diseases	94	0.27
		vs.	vs.	vs.
		Healthy controls	120	0.26
	34130757	Acute respiratory distress syndrome (survivors)	31	39.01 ± 13.89	Human Magnetic Luminex Assay
	34130757	Acute respiratory distress syndrome (non-survivors)	21	44.79 ± 13.38	Human Magnetic Luminex Assay

Only publications analyzing more than 10 samples are included.

¹All reported values were converted to mg/L and presented as in the original publication as means ± SD, or as median (interquartile range). Individual values represent medians unless stated otherwise.

^*: Compared to the same sex group of the controls; p < 0.05.

^#: Compared to within-the-group opposite sex; p < 0.05.

^†: Compared to females with normal pregnancy.

^~: Compared to non-viral hepatitis.

^$: Compared to hepatitis B.

: ATX activity mean values are indicated.

: ATX concentration in the serum was calculated anew by utilizing the supplementary data of this publication.