| Total sample (n = 3,580) |
|
|
|
|
| Age (years) (n = 3,524) |
|
|
|
|
| ≤ 18 |
472 (13.4) |
33.5 (29.4–37.9) |
7.1 (5.1–9.9) |
5.9 (4.1–8.5) |
| 19–34 |
2,548 (72.3) |
43.0 (41.1–44.9) |
7.2 (6.2–8.3) |
5.0 (4.2–5.9) |
| ≥ 35 |
504 (14.3) |
50.7 (46.3–55.0) |
10.7 (8.2–13.8) |
5.5 (3.7–7.9) |
| Marital status (n = 3,576) |
|
|
|
|
| Married/with a partner |
2,916 (81.5) |
44.0 (42.2–45.8) |
7.6 (6.6–8.6) |
5.6 (4.8–6.5) |
| Single/divorced/widow |
660 (18.5) |
37.5 (33.9–41.3) |
8.2 (6.3–10.6) |
3.8 (2.5–5.6) |
| Education (years of study) (n = 3,529) |
|
|
|
|
| ≤ 9 |
1,218 (34.5) |
39.6 (36.9–42.4) |
7.3 (5.9–8.9) |
5.5 (4.4–6.9) |
| 10–12 |
1,853 (52.5) |
42.4 (40.2–44.7) |
8.2 (7.1–9.6) |
5.0 (4.1–6.1) |
| ≥ 13 |
458 (13.0) |
51.9 (47.3–56.5) |
5.9 (3.9–8.5) |
4.9 (3.3–7.5) |
| Smoking during pregnancy (n = 3,555) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
330 (9.3) |
35.1 (30.2–40.5) |
9.6 (6.8–13.4) |
9.9 (7.0–13.8) |
| No |
3,219 (90.7) |
43.6 (41.9–45.3) |
7.5 (6.6–8.4) |
4.8 (4.1–5.6) |
| Alcohol use during pregnancy (3,556) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
255 (7.2) |
37.6 (31.9–43.8) |
5.9 (3.6–9.6) |
4.9 (2.8–8.6) |
| No |
3,301 (92.8) |
43.1 (41.5–44.9) |
7.9 (7.0–8.9) |
5.2 (4.5–6.0) |
| BMI before pregnancy (n = 3,322) |
|
|
|
|
| Low weight/adequate weight |
1,752 (52.7) |
37.3 (35.1–39.6) |
6.8 (5.7–8.1) |
5.5 (4.5–6.7) |
| Overweight |
893 (26.9) |
43.9 (40.7–47.3) |
7.5 (5.9–9.4) |
4.9 (3.6–6.6) |
| Obesity |
677 (20.4) |
56.8 (53.0–60.5) |
8.8 (6.8–11.2) |
3.8 (2.5–5.6) |
| Number of previous pregnancies (n = 3,579) |
|
|
|
|
| 0 |
1,126 (31.5) |
42.2 (39.3–45.1) |
6.3 (5.0–7.9) |
5.8 (4.5–7.4) |
| ≥ 1 |
2,453 (68.5) |
43.2 (41.2–45.1) |
8.3 (7.3–9.5) |
4.9 (4.2–5.9) |
| Physical activity before pregnancy (n = 3,546) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
872 (24.6) |
43.8 (40.5–47.2) |
8.9 (7.2–11.0) |
5.3 (3.9–7.1) |
| No |
2,674 (75.4) |
42.5 (40.6–44.4) |
7.4 (6.4–8.4) |
5.1 (4.3–6.1) |
| High-risk pregnancy (n = 3,538) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
773 (21.9) |
56.0 (52.5–59.5) |
13.6 (11.4–16.3) |
8.3 (6.5–10.6) |
| No |
2,765 (78.1) |
39.3 (37.5–41.1) |
5.9 (5.1–6.9) |
4.4 (3.5–5.2) |
| Gestational diabetes (n = 3,521) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
332 (9.4) |
56.5 (51.1–61.7) |
11.6 (8.6–15.6) |
5.7 (3.6–8.9) |
| No |
3,189 (90.6) |
41.5 (39.8–43.2) |
7.3 (6.5–8.3) |
5.1 (4.4–5.9) |
| Eclampsia (n = 3,552) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
561 (15.8) |
57.5 (53.3–61.5) |
13.0 (10.5–16.1) |
9.3 (7.1–12.1) |
| No |
2,991 (84.2) |
40.2 (38.4–41.9) |
6.7 (5.8–7.6) |
4.4 (3.7–5.2) |
| Physical activity during pregnancy (n = 3,573) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
735 (20.6) |
39.9 (36.4–43.5) |
7.5 (5.8–9.7) |
4.5 (3.3–6.5) |
| No |
2,838 (79.4) |
43.5 (41.7–45.4) |
7.7 (6.7–8.7) |
5.3 (4.6–6.3) |
| Physical activity - first trimester (n = 3,568) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
578 (16.2) |
41.0 (37.0–45.1) |
8.3 (6.3–10.8) |
4.2 (2.8–6.3) |
| No |
2,990 (83.8) |
43.2 (41.4–44.9) |
7.6 (6.7–8.6) |
5.4 (4.6–6.3) |
| Physical activity - second trimester (n = 3,566) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
548 (15.4) |
39.6 (35.6–43.8) |
7.9 (5.9–10.5) |
4.1 (2.7–6.2) |
| No |
3,018 (84.6) |
43.4 (41.6–45.2) |
7.6 (6.7–8.6) |
5.4 (4.6–6.4) |
| Physical activity - third trimester (n = 3,567) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
456 (12.8) |
35.5 (31.3–40.0) |
7.3 (5.2–10.1) |
3.3 (1.9–5.5) |
| No |
3,111 (87.2) |
43.9 (42.1–45.6) |
7.7 (6.8–8.7) |
5.5 (4.7–6.4) |
