FIG 5.

ROS generation in tracheal epithelial cells during the application of echinocandins. ROS were detected using the Amplex Red reagent for whole mouse tracheae. Fluorescence was measured at 590 nm for 30 min and expressed as a percentage of the initial fluorescence value. In untreated organs, only a slight change in the fluorescence intensity was recorded, suggesting a slight change in ROS generation. In tracheae exposed to either caspofungin, anidulafungin, or micafungin, we recorded only minute changes in ROS generation. Each organ was assessed at three consecutive time points, and statistical testing compared fluorescence recordings taken at 15 min and 30 min with the initial fluorescence (control, n = 4; caspofungin, n = 5; anidulafungin, n = 4; micafungin, n = 4; ●, control; ♦, caspofungin; □, anidulafungin; X, micafungin; Wilcoxon rank-sum test).