Fig. 7.

NorUDCA reduces lymphoblastogenesis and expansion with suppressed mTORC1 kinase activities in PSC CD8⁺ T cells.

(A-C) Peripheral human T cells from patients with PSC and age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were activated in parallel under indicated conditions. Representative plots showing lymphoblastogenesis and expansion of gated CD8⁺ T cells under indicated conditions. pErk1/2^T202/Y204 and pRPS6^Ser235/236 on proliferated PSC CD8⁺ T cells as indicated. Numbers indicate frequencies. Quantitative analysis is shown alongside. (D-F) Effects of compounds on lymphoblastogenesis and expansion of CD8⁺ T cells from patients with PSC are shown. Treatment effects on pErk1/2^T202/Y204 and pRPS6^Ser235/236 on proliferated PSC CD8⁺ T cells as indicated. Numbers show frequency of positive cells. Quantitative analysis is shown alongside. Data represent 3 independent experiments from patients with PSC and healthy volunteers run in parallel (connected by broken line in Fig. 7A-C). Quantitative data are presented as mean±SE. p values were calculated by paired t test or one-way ANOVA corrected with Tukey post-hoc test when more than 2 groups were included. ∗p <0.05, ∗∗p <0.01, ∗∗∗p <0.001. NorUDCA, 24-norursodeoxycholic acid; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis, Rapa, rapamycin.