Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to age at diagnosis of diabetes.
| Age at diagnosis of diabetes (years) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18-39 | 40-49 | 50-59 | ≥60 | P trend | |
| No. of participants (%) | 1413 (5.90) | 6103 (25.47) | 9827 (41.01) | 6618 (27.62) | |
| Age at baseline, years | 50.81 ± 8.43 | 54.82 ± 7.02 | 61.46 ± 5.83 | 70.59 ± 5.76 | <.0001 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 669 (47.35) | 2653 (43.47) | 3814 (38.81) | 2593 (39.18) | <.0001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.28 ± 3.66 | 25.43 ± 3.65 | 25.53 ± 3.62 | 25.60 ± 3.60 | 0.0006 |
| BMI < 24kg/m2, n(%) | 573 (40.55) | 2225 (36.46) | 3469 (35.30) | 2240 (33.85) | <.0001 |
| BMI 24-27.9 kg/m2, n(%) | 559 (39.56) | 2693 (44.13) | 4299 (43.75) | 2942 (44.45) | 0.0325 |
| BMI ≥28 kg/m2, n(%) | 281 (19.89) | 1185 (19.42) | 2059 (20.95) | 1436 (21.70) | 0.0022 |
| High school or above education, n (%) | 693 (49.04) | 2644 (43.32) | 3411 (34.71) | 2109 (31.87) | <.0001 |
| Current cigarette smoking, n (%) | 291 (20.59) | 1083 (17.75) | 1273 (12.95) | 576 (8.70) | <.0001 |
| Current alcohol drinking, n (%) | 143 (10.12) | 578 (9.47) | 732 (7.45) | 379 (5.73) | <.0001 |
| Moderate and vigorous physical activity, n (%) | 181 (12.81) | 831 (13.62) | 1387 (14.11) | 877 (13.25) | 0.4462 |
| Healthy diet, n (%) | 171 (14.12) | 785 (14.69) | 1179 (13.84) | 700 (12.22) | 0.0005 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 2.02 ± 1.81 | 2.01 ± 1.69 | 1.92 ± 1.47 | 1.80 ± 1.23 | <.0001 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.95 ± 1.23 | 4.93 ± 1.18 | 4.95 ± 1.19 | 4.90 ± 1.18 | 0.1024 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 132.98 ± 20.22 | 135.42 ± 20.24 | 139.77 ± 20.47 | 144.42 ± 20.65 | <.0001 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.80 (6.80-9.40) | 7.40 (6.60-8.80) | 7.10 (6.40-8.10) | 6.90 (6.30-7.80) | <.0001 |
| Glucose-lowering treatment, n (%) | 1169 (82.73) | 4882 (79.99) | 7762 (78.99) | 5077 (76.72) | <.0001 |
| Insulin therapy, n (%) | 561 (39.70) | 1632 (26.74) | 1784 (18.15) | 820 (12.39) | <.0001 |
| Oral hypoglycemic drugs use, n (%) | 861 (60.93) | 4068 (66.66) | 6877 (69.98) | 4677 (70.67) | <.0001 |
| Lipid-lowering treatment, n (%) | 18 (1.27) | 138 (2.26) | 239 (2.43) | 170 (2.57) | 0.0136 |
| Antihypertensive drugs use, n (%) | 230 (16.28) | 1220 (19.99) | 2523 (25.67) | 2234 (33.76) | <.0001 |
| Probable depression, n (%) | 34 (2.41) | 119 (1.95) | 151 (1.54) | 95 (1.44) | 0.0019 |