TABLE III.
UNcertainty analysis (Temperature)
| Parameter | Quantity Evaluated | Value 1 | Value 2 | Result 1 (°C) | Result 2 (°C) | Sensitivity Factor [%/%] | Std. Dev. [36] | |Uncertainty| (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Trace conductivity [S/m] | Tmax in the head [°C] | 46.3 | 50.9 | 38.43 | 38.43 | 8.85E-04 | 0.04 | 7.83E-05 |
| 46.3 | 1.0E+02 | 38.43 | 38.46 | 0.88E-02 | 0.04 | 0.80E-03 | ||
| 46.3 | 1.0E+03 | 38.43 | 40.85 | 0.63 | 0.04 | 5.58E-02 | ||
| Trace permittivity [-] | 4.20 | 4.62 | 38.43 | 38.43 | 0 | 2.80 | 0 | |
| Electrode conductivity [S/m] | 2.14 | 2.35 | 38.43 | 38.43 | 0.26E-04 | 0.04 | 4.99E-05 | |
| Electrode permittivity [-] | 84.7 | 93.2 | 38.43 | 38.43 | 0 | 2.80 | 0.10E-03 | |
| Skin conductivity [S/m] | 0.78 | 0.71 | 38.43 | 38.43 | 0.50E-03 | 0.04 | 0.26E-02 | |
| Skin permittivity [-] | 84.4 | 76.0 | 38.43 | 38.42 | −0.19E-02 | 2.80 | 0.63E-02 | |
| Subcutaneous fat conductivity [S/m] | 0.10 | 0.09 | 38.43 | 38.43 | −0.40E-03 | 0.04 | 1.86E-02 | |
| Subcutaneous fat permittivity [-] | 15.1 | 13.6 | 38.43 | 38.42 | −0.35E-02 | 2.80 | 6.42E-02 | |
| Muscle conductivity [S/m] | 1.01 | 0.91 | 38.43 | 38.30 | −3.19E-02 | 0.04 | 0.13 | |
| Muscle permittivity [-] | 74.9 | 67.4 | 38.43 | 38.42 | −0.20E-02 | 2.80 | 0.73E-02 | |
| Coil position x [mm] | 0.0 | 10.0 | 38.43 | 38.22 | −0.54 | 1.15 | 6.26E-02 | |
| Coil position y [mm] | 0.0 | 10.0 | 38.43 | 38.60 | 4.49E-02 | 1.15 | 5.16E-02 | |
| Coil Position z [mm] | 0.0 | 10.0 | 38.43 | 38.51 | 1.95E-02 | 1.15 | 2.25E-02 | |
| Total Uncertainties | 0.42% | |||||||
The methods used were based on the work of Neufeld et al. [36] to evaluate the uncertainty of the quantities derived by simulation, two simulations were assessed for each parameter by assigning two different values (“Value 1” and “Value 2”). The first value (“Value1”) was the one used for the simulation shown in Fig. 4, whereas the second value (“Value2”) was set across 10% changes in dielectric properties (e.g., tissue properties were adjusted towards adults’ tissue properties) and 10 mm shift of the coil position in three directions to gauge their impact on the simulation results[36]. The results obtained for each value (“Result1” and “Result 2”) were used to evaluate the sensitivity factor of the quantity evaluated(maximum temperature or Tmax). The measurement standard deviation (“Std. Dev.”) was derived from literature values [36].