Table 2.

Antiviral medicines for COVID-19

Intervention	Class	Type and mechanisms of action	Recommendations	Reference
Remdesivir	Antiviral	Remdesivir is a drug contact to combat the invasion of RNA polymerases	Tests in clinical studies	(M. F. Hossain et al. 2020a,b)
Favipiravir	Antiviral	Favipiravir blocks viral polymerase RNA and thus stops viral replication	Completed clinical studies proved efficacy	(M. H. Rahman et al. 2020a,b)
Convalescent plasma	Antiviral	Curated plasma contains defensive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2	Confirmed effectiveness	(M. F. Hossain et al. 2020a,b; M. H. Rahman et al. 2020a,b)
Lopinavir	Antiviral	HIV-approved protease inhibitors are lopinavir/ritonavir	Inconsistency in clinical trial findings	(Horby et al. 2020)
EIDD-2801	Antiviral	Drives mutagenesis and impedes viral replication integration throughout RNA synthesis EDI-2801	Clinical testing prepared	(M. H. Rahman et al. 2020a,b)
Ritonavir	Antiviral	Ritonavir is HIV-approved protease inhibitor	Inconsistency in clinical trial findings	(Owa et al. 2020)
Ivermectin	Antiviral	To suppress the replication of the pseudorabies virus by inhibiting nuclear import of UL42	Confirmed effectiveness	(Sharun, Dhama, et al. 2020)
Oseltamivir	Antiviral	Antiviral action is showed through selectively targeting conservative catalytic domain of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp)	Completed clinical studies proved efficacy	(Rosa et al. 2020)
Umifenovir	Antiviral	To block the virus-cell membrane fusion	Completed clinical studies proved efficacy	(Pécheur et al. 2016)
Favipiravir	Antiviral	Antiviral action is showed through selectively targeting conservative catalytic domain of RdRp, interrupting nucleotide incorporation process amid viral RNA replication	Confirmed effectiveness	(Furuta et al. 2017)
GC376	Protease inhibitor	Blocks virus replication	Confirmed effectiveness	(Sharun et al. 2021)
GC373	Protease inhibitor	Blocks virus replication	Confirmed effectiveness	(Sharun et al. 2021)