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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Oct 18.
Published in final edited form as: Contraception. 2018 Mar 14;98(1):25–29. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2018.02.018

Table 2:

Associations between baseline characteristics and low-lying IUD position (N=168)

OR (95% CI)
N=28
aOR (95% CI)
N=140
P-valuea
Age at IUD insertion
 Continuous (years) 0.9 (0.83, 1.07) 1.0 (0.86, 1.12) 0.75
 Categorical
 20-26 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref)
0.7 (0.30, 1.70)
0.45
 27-34 0.7 (0.29, 1.47)
Education
 ≤High school or GED 2.9 (1.10, 7.59) 3.1 (1.14, 8.55) 0.03
 >High school or GED 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref)
Body mass index (kg/m2)
 Continuous (1 unit) 1.1 (1.03, 1.13) 1.1 (1.03, 1.14) 0.002
 Categorical
 <35 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref)
3.0 (1.26, 7.20)
0.01
 ≥35 3.1 (1.30, 7.28)
Parity b
 0 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref) 0.34
 ≥ 1 0.6 (0.15, 2.26) 0.5 (0.12, 2.29)
Retroverted uterus
 No 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref) 0.76
 Yes 1.1 (0.36, 3.04) 1.2 (0.39, 3.69)
Uterine volume (cc)
 Continuous (1cc) 1.0 (1.00, 1.01) 1.0 (1.00, 1.01) 0.15
 Categorical (quartiles)
 41-82 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref) 0.31
 83-107 1.7 (0.52, 5.84) 2.6 (0.72, 9.56)
 108-136 1.0 (0.27, 3.75) 1.0 (0.26, 4.20)
2.3 (0.72, 7.47) 2.3 (0.67, 7.93)
 137-401
Fibroids at enrollmen b
 No 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref)
0.6 (0.15, 2.10)
0.39
 Yes 0.6 (0.16, 2.00)
Type of current IUD
 Mirena® 1.0 (ref) 1.0 (ref)
1.1 (0.41, 2.79)
0.88
 Paragard® 1.1 (0.45, 2.74)

OR: Odds Ratio, 95% CI: 95% Confidence Interval, aOR: Odds Ratio adjusted for continuous BMI and education, except BMI variables were only adjusted for education and education was only adjusted for continuous BMI.

a

p-value for overall effect of variable;

b

Results based on limited sample size (one of the categories had only 3 low-lying IUDs).