Table 2.

Unadjusted odds ratios for COVID-19 related risk markers for IPV perpetration

Risk Marker	OR	95% CI	Type of Risk Marker
Feelings of Loneliness	5.33***	[2.90, 9.79]	Mental Health & Isolation
Anxiety Symptoms	2.75***	[1.82, 4.16]	Mental Health
Perceived Stress	2.71***	[1.69, 4.36]	Mental Health
Feelings of Fear	2.61**	[1.40, 4.86]	Mental Health
Feelings of Boredom	2.41***	[1.63, 3.58]	Mental Health
Substance Use	2.30***	[1.61, 3.29]	Mental Health
Lifestyle Changes	2.08**	[1.32, 3.28]	Lifestyle
Time Spent on Social Media	1.92***	[1.40, 2.62]	Lifestyle
Time Spent Reading/Watching the News	1.46	[0.99, 2.14]	Lifestyle
Working from Home	1.44	[0.63, 3.29]	Lifestyle
Struggling Financially	1.37*	[1.04, 1.82]	Financial
Fear of Getting COVID-19	1.27*	[1.02, 1.59]	Mental Health
Amount of Time Spent Interacting with Friends/Family Virtually	1.17	[0.88, 1.41]	Isolation
Amount of Time Spent Interacting with Friends/Family In Person	1.11	[0.97, 1.40]	Isolation
Depressive Symptoms	1.08*	[1.05, 1.11]	Mental Health
Frequency of Going Outside for More than 15 Minutes	1.07	[0.80, 1.42]	Isolation
Agreeable to Restrictions due to COVID-19	1.00	[0.75, 1.35]	Lifestyle
Knowing Someone who was diagnosed with COVID-19	0.83	[0.41, 1.69]	COVID-19 Diagnosis
Working Less Hours since Mid-March 2020	0.78	[0.31, 1.98]	Financial
Access to Same Financial Resources since pandemic began	0.72	[0.34, 1.72]	Financial
Working More Hours since Mid-March 2020	0.71	[0.16, 3.27]	Financial
Perceived Well-Being	0.71***	[0.59, 0.84]	Mental Health
Feelings of Hopefulness	0.66*	[0.48, 0.91]	Mental Health
Suicidal Ideation	0.65	[0.32, 1.32]	Mental Health
Has Been Furloughed since Mid-March 2020	0.49	[0.14, 1.80]	Financial
Has Been Fired since Mid-March 2020	0.46	[0.15, 1.44]	Financial
Has Been Diagnosed with COVID-19	0.31	[0.10, 1.01]	COVID-19 Diagnosis

Note: OR = Odds Ratio; CI = Confidence Interval

*p < .05. **p < .01. *** p < .001 (two-tailed)