Table 3.
Current clinical trials utilizing RNA viruses against gliomas.
| Virus type | Strain | Targeted malignancy | Routes | Latest phase | Combination therapy | Trial No. | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measles Virus | MV-CEA | Brain tumor | IT/IC | I | NCT00390299 | Completed | ||
| Poliovirus | PVSRIPO | Pediatric brain tumor | IT(CED) | I | NCT03043391 | Recruiting | ||
| Malignant glioma | IT (CED) | I | NCT01491893 | Active, not recruiting | ||||
| Malignant glioma | IT (CED) | II | NCT02986178 | Active, not recruiting | ||||
| Recurrent glioblastoma | IT (CED) | II | pembrolizumab | NCT04479241 | Recruiting | |||
| Reovirus | REOLYSIN | Pediatric brain tumor | IV | I | Sargramostim | NCT02444546 | Active, not recruiting | |
| REOLYSIN | Malignant glioma | IT | I | NCT00528684 | Completed | |||
| Retrovirus | Toca 511 | Recurrent high-grade glioma | IC | II/III | 5-fluorocytosine | NCT02414165 | Terminated | |
| Toca 511 | Recurrent high-grade glioma | IC | I | 5-fluorocytosine | NCT01470794 | Completed | ||
| Toca 511 | Recurrent high-grade glioma | IC | I | 5-fluorocytosine | NCT01985256 | Completed | ||
| Toca 511 | Recurrent high-grade glioma | IT/IV | I | 5-fluorocytosine | NCT01156584 | Completed | ||
IT, Intratumoral; IC, Intracavitary; IV, Intravenous; CED, Convection-enhanced delivery. (The data is based on “clinicaltrials.gov”).