Table 2.

Summary of studies that integrated mass drug administration

Study author	Diseases	Who distributed the drugs	Who managed the programme	Outcome
Lemos et al28	Schistosomiasis STH Malaria Anaemia	Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Angola lab workers	Government and researchers	All anaemia cases were associated with schistosomiasis −13.5% reduction in schistosomiasis infections with no significant changes in anaemia
Lemoine et al51	LF STH	Community drug distributors,	ENVISION project	100% coverage from as low as 30%
Njenga et al29	Hookworm (STH) Urogenital Schistosomiasis	Trained schoolteachers	Authors	Did not change both the overall prevalence and intensity of hookworm infection.
Ndayishimiye et al35	STH Schistosomiasis Onchocerciasis Trachoma	Community drug distributors and community health workers	Ministry of Health	Increase in total population covered from 3 209 521 in 2007 to 4 179 495 in 2010
Leslie et al65	STH Schistosomiasis LF Trachoma	–	Government	Integrated programme cost 21% less than vertical programmes
Evans et al30	STH Schistosomiasis Onchocerciasis LF	Community drug distributors	Ministry of Health	98%–100% coverage, reduction in cost by 41.1%
Mwinzi et al50	STH Schistosomiasis	Community drug distributors	Ministry of Health	52.3% to 91.9% coverage with a 69% prevalence reduction for hookworm
Mani et al67	STH LF	Community health workers	–	77% prevalence reduction compared 15% reduction for single drug (3× increase in control)
Bronzan et al27	STH Schistosomiasis	–	Ministry of Health	Decrease in STH prevalence from 31.1% in 2009 to 11% in 2015 -Schisto 23.5% to 5%

‘-’ means not clear.

LF, lymphatic filariasis; STH, soil transmitted helminths.