Table 2.
Socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics in the overall sample and as a function of subgroup.
| Affect only (n=58; 19%) n (%) |
Mixed (n=41; 13%) n (%) |
No change (n=213; 68%) n (%) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-ART | ||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 36.9 (9.2) | 36.8 (9.8) | 35.0 (7.9) | 0.18 |
| Education, mean (SD) | 4.6 (3.4) | 5.4 (3.3) | 5.6 (3.2) | 0.13 |
| Female sex | 36 (62) | 22 (54) | 96 (45) | 0.05 |
| Married | 36 (62) | 28 (68) | 136 (64) | 0.81 |
| BMI | 22.2 (3.8) | 21.6 (4.0) | 22.2 (3.3) | 0.57 |
| Underweight | 9 (15) | 9 (22) | 9 (4) | <0.001 |
| Overweight/obese | 10 (17) | 6 (15) | 29 (14) | 0.79 |
| Tobacco use | 5 (9) | 11 (27) | 30 (14) | 0.04 |
| Alcohol use | 25 (43) | 18 (44) | 114 (53) | 0.25 |
| Narcotic use | 1 (2) | 2 (5) | 4 (2) | 0.55 |
| Hypertension | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.09 |
| High cholesterol | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 3 (1) | 0.31 |
| PAOFI total, mean (SD) | 134.6 (25.6) | 147.8 (14.6) | 150.1 (15.7) | <0.001 |
| IHDS total, mean (SD) | 9.1 (1.9) | 8.6 (1.8) | 9.3 (1.8) | 0.08 |
| CD4 count, mean (SD) | 256.6 (160.8) | 180.2 (156.7) | 288.4 (165.3) | 0.001 |
| Log viral load (cp/ml) | 4.7 (1.0) | 4.8 (1.1) | 4.4 (0.9) | 0.03 |
| HIV subtype† | 0.36 | |||
| A1 | 7 (44) | 1 (17) | 22 (46) | |
| D | 9 (56) | 5 (83) | 26 (54) | |
| ART-medication initiated | ||||
| EFV | 54 (93) | 35 (85) | 176 (83) | 0.10 |
| TDF+3TC+EFV | 53 (91) | 35 (85) | 172 (81) | 0.12 |
| CPE, mean (SD) | 5.7 (1.4) | 5.5 (1.8) | 5.6 (2.0) | 0.77 |
| Post-ART | ||||
| Undetectable viral load (<40cp/ml) | 47 (82) | 35 (85) | 180 (85) | 0.83 |
| Δ Pre- to Post-ART, mean (SD) | ||||
| PAOFI total | −14.6 (23.0) | −1.9 (17.6) | −5.0 (12.6) | <0.001 |
| IHDS total | −0.6 (2.0) | −0.6 (2.2) | −0.8 (1.8) | 0.70 |
| BMI | 1.2 (2.5) | 1.2 (2.3) | 0.4 (1.9) | 0.01 |
| CD4 count | 163.3 (147.9) | 170.9 (183.2) | 133.9 (162.4) | 0.26 |
Note. ∆ = change values; 3TC=Lamivudine; BMI=body mass index; CES-D=Center for Epidemiologic Depression Scale; CPE= central nervous system penetration effectiveness score; EFV= Efavirenz; PAOFI=Patient Assessment of Own Functioning Inventory; IHDS=International HIV Dementia Scale; TDF= Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Group differences on continuous variables (normally distributed) were examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and group differences on categorical variables were examined using chi-square analysis.
†
subtype only available on N=70.