Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and angiographic and magnetic resonance parameters in patients admitted during 2020
| Total population (n = 149) | No major restrictions in 2020 (n = 101) | Major restrictions in 2020 (n = 48) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline characteristic | ||||
| Age, years | 59 (51–66) | 57 (51–64) | 61 (53–68) | 0.11 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 32 (22) | 18 (18) | 14 (29) | 0.12 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26 (24–29) | 26 (24–29) | 26 (23–28) | 0.29 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 80 (54) | 56 (55) | 24 (50) | 0.53 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 62 (42) | 46 (46) | 16 (33) | 0.16 |
| Hyperlipidaemia, n (%) | 75 (50) | 53 (53) | 22 (46) | 0.45 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 9 (6) | 6 (6) | 3 (6) | 0.94 |
| Renal insufficiency, n (%) | 12 (8) | 8 (8) | 4 (8) | 0.93 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m. | 77 (67–90) | 78 (68–90) | 73 (63–90) | 0.27 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 135 (116–153) | 131 (113–151) | 143 (118–158) | 0.15 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 81 (73–91) | 80 (71–91) | 86 (75–94) | 0.17 |
| TIMI risk score | 3 (1–4) | 3 (1–4) | 3 (1–5) | 0.77 |
| Admission Killip class | 0.46 | |||
| 1 | 100 (67) | 68 (67) | 32 (67) | |
| 2 | 47 (31) | 32 (32) | 15 (31) | |
| 3 | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | |
| 4 | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | |
| Total ischaemia time, min | 203 (141–405) | 188 (119–381) | 263 (170–531) | <0.01 |
| Door to reperfusion time, min | 14 (7–43) | 12 (7–41) | 20 (7–45) | 0.51 |
| Periprocedural therapy, n (%) | ||||
| Aspirin | 149 (100) | 101 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
| P2Y12 inhibitors | 149 (100) | 101 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
| Clopidogrel | 18 (12) | 9 (9) | 9 (19) | 0.09 |
| Prasugrel, ticagrelor | 131 (88) | 92 (91) | 39 (81) | 0.09 |
| Heparin | 149 (100) | 101 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
| Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors | 10 (7) | 8 (8) | 2 (4) | 0.39 |
| Discharge medication, n (%) | ||||
| Aspirin | 147 (99) | 100 (99) | 47 (98) | 0.59 |
| P2Y12 inhibitors | 147 (99) | 99 (98) | 48 (100) | 0.33 |
| Clopidogrel | 23 (15) | 13 (13) | 10 (21) | 0.21 |
| Prasugrel, ticagrelor | 124 (83) | 86 (85) | 38 (79) | 0.36 |
| Beta-blockers | 137 (92) | 94 (93) | 43 (90) | 0.47 |
| ACE inhibitors/AT-1 antagonists | 142 (95) | 96 (95) | 46 (96) | 0.83 |
| Statins | 149 (100) | 101 (100) | 48 (100) | – |
| Angiographic parameters | ||||
| TIMI flow 0 pre-pPCI, n (%) | 93 (62) | 57 (56) | 36 (75) | 0.03 |
| TIMI flow 3 post-pPCI, n (%) | 133 (89) | 93 (92) | 40 (83) | 0.11 |
| Culprit lesion, n (%) | 0.13 | |||
| RCA | 65 (44) | 47 (46) | 18 (38) | |
| Segment 1 | 27 (18) | 21 (21) | 6 (13) | |
| Segment 2 | 22 (15) | 16 (15) | 6 (13) | |
| Segment 3 | 12 (8) | 7 (7) | 5 (10) | |
| Segment 4 | 4 (3) | 3 (3) | 1 (2) | |
| LAD | 64 (43) | 38 (38) | 26 (54) | |
| Segment 6 | 37 (25) | 23 (23) | 14 (29) | |
| Segment 7 | 22 (15) | 12 (12) | 10 (21) | |
| Segment 8 | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | |
| Segment 9 | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | |
| Segment 10 | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | |
| LCX | 20 (13) | 16 (16) | 4 (8) | |
| Segment 11 | 14 (9) | 12 (12) | 2 (4) | |
| Segment 12 | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | |
| Segment 13 | 4 (3) | 3 (3) | 1 (2) | |
| Number of affected vessels, n (%) | 0.98 | |||
| 1 | 83 (56) | 56 (55) | 27 (56) | |
| 2 | 43 (29) | 29 (29) | 14 (29) | |
| 3 | 23 (15) | 16 (16) | 7 (15) | |
| Thrombectomy, n (%) | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.33 |
| Stenting, n (%) | 147 (99) | 99 (98) | 48 (100) | 0.33 |
| Number of stents | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | 0.46 |
| Multivessel acute PCI, n (%) | 28 (19) | 19 (19) | 9 (19) | 0.99 |
| MRI parameters | ||||
| Time to MRI, days | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–6) | 0.20 |
| Transmurality, n (%) | 0.01 | |||
| 0–75% | 38 (26) | 32 (32) | 6 (13) | |
| 75–100% | 111 (74) | 69 (68) | 42 (88) | |
| Infarct size, % LVMM | 16 (9–25) | 14 (6–23) | 22 (12–29) | <0.01 |
| MVO, n (%) | 89 (60) | 52 (52) | 37 (77) | <0.01 |
| MVO, % LVMM | 0.6 (0.0–3.5) | 0.2 (0.0–2.6) | 1.5 (0.1–11.4) | <0.01 |
| IMH, n (%) | 56 (41) | 34 (34) | 22 (56) | 0.02 |
| LVEF, % | 49 (41–56) | 50 (45–56) | 46 (35–54) | <0.01 |
| LVEF ≤35%, n (%) | 18 (12) | 6 (6) | 12 (25) | <0.01 |
| LVEF ≤40%, n (%) | 32 (22) | 14 (14) | 18 (38) | <0.01 |
| LV GLS, % | –9 (–11 to –7) | –9 (–11 to –7) | –8 (–10 to –6) | 0.04 |
| LV GRS, % | 24 (19–29) | 23 (20–29) | 21 (16–29) | 0.11 |
| LV GCS, % | –15 (–17 to –12) | –15 (–17 to –13) | –14 (–16 to –10) | 0.03 |
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme; TIMI, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction; pPCI, primary percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA, right coronary artery; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX left circumflex artery; RI ramus intermedius; LVMM, left ventricular myocardial mass; MVO, microvascular obstruction; IMH, intramyocardial haemorrhage; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; GLS, global longitudinal strain; GRS, global radial strain; GCS, global circumferential strain.