Table 2.

High-resolution computed tomography features of ground-glass nodules

Features	Classification	LPA (367)	n-LPA (263)	P
Mean diameter (mm), mean ± standard deviation		14.49 ± 5.22	15.43 ± 4.79	0.021
Mean CT value (HU), mean ± standard deviation		−566.1 ± 98.2	−449.3 ± 111.5	< 0.001
CTR(%), M (Q1, Q3)		13.9 (0, 27.3)	27.8 (7.7, 40)	< 0.001
Location	RUL	146	95	0.477
	RML	29	17
	RLL	52	45
	LUL	95	64
	LLL	45	42
Type	pGGN	262	149	< 0.001
	mGGN	105	114
Deep lobulation	No	148	35	< 0.001
	Yes	219	228
Spiculation	No	280	101	< 0.001
	Yes	87	162
Vascular change	No	206	53	< 0.001
	Yes	161	210
Bronchial change	No	92	40	0.003
	Yes	275	223
Bubble-like lucency	No	314	218	0.374
	Yes	53	45
Pleural indentation sign	No	178	120	0.518
	Yes	189	143
Tumor–lung interface	Unclear	122	46	< 0.001
	Clear	245	217

LPA Lepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma, n-LPA Nonlepidic-predominant adenocarcinoma, CTR Consolidation-to-tumor ratio, pGGN Pure ground-glass nodule, mGGN Mixed ground-glass nodule, RUL Right upper lobe, RML Right middle lobe, RLL Right lower lobe, LUL Left upper lobe, LLL Left lower lobe. P <  0.05 was considered statistically significant