Table 1.

Study characteristics of Included studies.

References	Country	Study design	Sample size	Sex		Steroid group		Non steroid group
				Male	female	No. of Patients	Death	No. of Patients	Death
Villar et al. (2020)	Spain, Canada, China, USA	Clinical trial	19	13	6	7	2	12	2
Salton et al. (2020)	Italy	Clinical trial	173	120	53	83	6	90	21
Steroid SARI (2020)	Wuhan	Clinical trial	47	35	12	24	13	23	13
Petersen et al. (2020)	Denmark	Clinical trial	29	23	6	15	6	14	2
Horby et al. (2021)	UK	Randomized controlled trial	6425	4087	2338	2104	482	4321	1110
Tomazini et al. (2020)	Brazil	Randomized clinical trial	299	187	112	151	85	148	91
Rashad et al. (2021)	Egypt	Randomized controlled trial	173	81	92	127	33	46	32
Jamaati et al. (2021)	Iran	Randomized clinical trial	43	25	18	25	16	18	15
Edalatifard et al. (2020)	Iran	Randomized controlled trial	62	39	23	34	2	28	12
Ramiro et al. (2020)	Netherlands	Randomized controlled trial	172	136	36	86	14	86	41
Tang et al. (2021)	China	Randomized controlled trial	86	41	45	43	0	43	1
Pontali et al. (2021)	Genoa	Randomized controlled trial	128	87	41	63	9	65	28
Corral-Gudino et al. (2021)	Spain	Randomized controlled trial	64	39	25	35	14	29	14
Angus et al. (2020)	Pittsburgh	Randomized clinical trial	384	273	111	283	78	101	33
Dequin et al. (2020)	France	Randomized clinical trial	149	104	45	76	11	73	20
Liu et al. (2020)	China	Randomized Clinical trial	774	452	322	409	366	365	228
Ranjbar et al. (2021)	Iran	Randomized controlled trial	86	49	37	44	8	42	15
Jeronimo et al. (2021)	Brazil	Clinical trial	393	254	139	194	157	199	186
Fadel et al. (2020)	USA	Multicenter quasi experimental	213	109	104	132	18	81	21
Nelson et al. (2021)	USA	Cohort study	111	80	31	48	25	63	49
Ooi et al. (2020)	Singapore	Retrospective study	92	31	61	35	0	57	1