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. 2021 Sep 19;13(9):e18093. doi: 10.7759/cureus.18093

Table 2. Adverse effects of corticosteroids.

Organ systems Adverse effects
Neuropsychiatric Mood changes – mania/depression/dysphoria/euphoria, psychosis, insomnia, seizures, vertigo, headache, increased motor activity (akathisia)
Ophthalmologic Posterior subcapsular cataract, glaucoma, ocular nerve damage, exophthalmos, ophthalmic fungal, or viral infections
Cardiovascular Hypertension, fluid retention, thromboembolism, arrhythmias, arteriosclerosis, thrombophlebitis
Gastrointestinal Nausea/vomiting, gastritis, esophagitis, peptic ulcer disease, steatohepatitis pancreatitis
Endocrine/metabolic Hyperglycemia, weight gain, secondary adrenal insufficiency
Female reproductive Amenorrhea, post-menopausal bleeding
Musculoskeletal Osteoporosis, myopathy, muscle wasting, avascular necrosis of femoral head
Dermatologic Hirsutism, acne, skin atrophy, striae, ecchymoses/purpura
Hematologic/immune Leukocytosis, increased susceptibility to infections