Table 4. Waste Management Systems and Waste Management Cost.
| waste | management process | cost, $/tonne waste | remarks | source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SMW | pyrolysis | 293.4 | sanitary landfill after pyrolysis | (90) |
| SMW | incineration | 263.3 | chemically disinfected waste incinerated; ash landfilled | (90) |
| SMW | incineration | 454.7 | steam-sterilized waste incinerated, ash landfilled | (90) |
| SMW | landfilling | 1100.0 | chemically disinfected waste landfilled | (98) |
| SMW | landfilling | 1530.0 | steam-sterilized waste incinerated | (98) |
| landfilling | 12.0 | microwaved waste landfilled | (98) | |
| MSW | incineration | –19.9 | energy recovery, ash used as a building material | (106) |
| SS | incineration | 50.0 | energy recovery, wastewater send to WWTP | (106) |
| MSW and SS | co-incineration | –31.6 | energy recovery, ash send to landfill/building materials | (106) |
a
MSW: municipal solid waste; SMW: solid medical waste; SS.: sewage sludge.