. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 20.

Published in final edited form as: Geosci Model Dev. 2021 May 20;14:2867–2897. doi: 10.5194/gmd-14-2867-2021

Table 2.

Annual average performance metrics for all AQS sites for the CMAQ521 (v521) and CMAQ531_WRF411_M3Dry_BiDi (v531) simulations. Gas species are in units of ppbv; PM species are in units of μg m⁻³.

Species	CMAQ version	Obs mean	Model Mean	STDEV obs	STDEV model	NMB	MB	RMSE	r

MDA8 O₃	v521	41.9	41.3	12.0	10.8	−1.35	−0.57	7.83	0.77
MDA8 O₃	v531	41.9	40.2	12.0	9.63	−4.09	−1.80	7.94	0.76

NO_x	v521	13.4	9.06	21.2	13.2	−32.2	−4.31	18.7	0.52
NO_x	v531	13.4	9.00	21.2	12.4	−32.9	−4.40	18.5	0.54

SO₂	v521	0.88	0.73	2.84	1.05	−17.2	−0.15	2.86	0.17
SO₂	v531	0.88	0.81	2.84	1.13	−7.87	−0.07	2.88	0.16

PM_2.5	v521	7.60	6.91	5.16	5.23	−8.67	−0.66	5.12	0.52
PM_2.5	v531	7.60	7.00	5.16	5.05	−7.56	−0.57	5.00	0.53

${SO}_{4}^{2 -}$	v521	0.78	0.76	0.72	0.54	−3.12	−0.02	0.53	0.69
${SO}_{4}^{2 -}$	v531	0.78	0.85	0.72	0.55	8.42	0.07	0.53	0.69

${NO}_{3}^{-}$	v521	0.59	0.46	1.24	0.94	−20.8	−0.12	1.02	0.6
${NO}_{3}^{-}$	v531	0.59	0.41	1.24	0.87	−31.0	−0.18	1.01	0.6

OC	v521	1.31	1.34	1.56	1.61	7.27	0.095	1.56	0.52
OC	v531	1.31	1.44	1.56	1.57	10.2	0.13	1.51	0.54

EC	v521	0.31	0.33	0.41	0.46	5.33	0.017	0.38	0.62
EC	v531	0.31	0.32	0.41	0.41	0.91	0.003	0.34	0.65