| Age (years) |
72.6±7.9 |
71±8.6 |
68.7±7 |
71.4±8.2 |
0.16 |
| Male |
45 (68.2) |
50 (64.9) |
14 (77.8) |
109 (67.7) |
0.57 |
| Weight (kg) |
65±10.3 |
65.2±11.8 |
69.1±11.1 |
65.5±11.1 |
0.35 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) |
25.2±2.9 |
24.9±3.9 |
25.7±3.8 |
25.1±3.5 |
0.70 |
| Medical history |
| Prior heart failure |
9 (13.6) |
15 (19.5) |
7 (38.9) |
31 (19.3) |
0.05 |
| Hypertension |
52 (78.8) |
59 (76.6) |
12 (66.7) |
123 (76.4) |
0.56 |
| Diabetes mellitus |
31 (47.0) |
31 (40.3) |
10 (55.6) |
72 (44.7) |
0.45 |
| Previous stroke/TIA |
28 (42.4) |
26 (33.8) |
8 (44.4) |
62 (38.5) |
0.49 |
| Cardiovascular disease/peripheral arterial disease |
8 (12.1) |
12 (15.6) |
2 (11.1) |
22 (13.7) |
0.79 |
| Prior myocardial infarction |
12 (18.2) |
13 (16.9) |
2 (11.1) |
27 (16.8) |
0.78 |
| Prior percutaneous coronary intervention/coronary artery bypass grafting |
13 (19.7) |
22 (28.6) |
3 (16.7) |
38 (23.6) |
0.35 |
| Pacemaker implanted |
8 (12.1) |
18 (23.4) |
2 (11.1) |
28 (17.4) |
0.16 |
| History of bleeding |
26 (39.4) |
31 (40.3) |
6 (33.3) |
63 (39.1) |
0.86 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score (continuous) |
4.3±1.4 |
3.9±1.7 |
3.8±1.4 |
4.1±1.6 |
0.37 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score (categorical) |
0 |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.45 |
| 1 |
1 (1.5) |
6 (7.8) |
0 (0) |
7 (4.3) |
| 2 |
7 (10.6) |
13 (16.9) |
4 (22.2) |
24 (14.9) |
| 3 |
10 (15.2) |
11 (14.3) |
3 (16.7) |
24 (14.9) |
| 4 |
21 (31.8) |
17 (22.1) |
7 (38.9) |
45 (28.0) |
| 5 |
16 (24.2) |
13 (16.9) |
2 (11.1) |
31 (19.3) |
| 6 |
6 (9.1) |
14 (18.2) |
1 (5.6) |
21 (13.0) |
| 7 |
4 (6.1) |
2 (2.6) |
1 (5.6) |
7 (4.3) |
| 8 |
1 (1.5) |
1 (1.3) |
0 (0) |
2 (1.2) |
| 9 |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
| HAS-BLED score (continuous) |
3.1±1 |
2.7±1.1 |
2.8±0.9 |
2.9±1.1 |
0.12 |
| HAS-BLED score (categorical) |
0 |
1 (1.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
1 (0.6) |
0.29 |
| 1 |
3 (4.5) |
10 (13) |
2 (11.1) |
15 (9.3) |
| 2 |
10 (15.2) |
24 (31.2) |
3 (16.7) |
37 (23.0) |
| 3 |
33 (50.0) |
24 (31.2) |
9 (50.0) |
66 (41.0) |
| 4 |
14 (21.2) |
16 (20.8) |
4 (22.2) |
34 (21.1) |
| 5 |
4 (6.1) |
2 (2.6) |
0 (0) |
6 (3.7) |
| 6 |
1 (1.5) |
1 (1.3) |
0 (0) |
2 (1.2) |
| ≥7 |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
| Atrial fibrillation |
Paroxysmal |
19 (28.8) |
23 (29.9) |
5 (27.8) |
47 (29.2) |
0.98 |
| Permanent |
47 (71.2) |
54 (70.1) |
13 (72.2) |
114 (70.8) |
| Indications for left atrial appendage occlusion |
Non-compliance to OAC/NOAC |
21 (31.8) |
28 (36.4) |
6 (33.3) |
55 (34.2) |
0.21 |
| Prior bleeding including previous intracranial bleeding |
20 (30.3) |
26 (33.8) |
5 (27.8) |
51 (31.7) |
| High risk of bleeding |
14 (21.2) |
8 (10.4) |
2 (11.1) |
24 (14.9) |
| Labile INR |
9 (13.6) |
8 (10.4) |
3 (16.7) |
20 (12.4) |
| Allergic, or side effect after OAC/NOAC |
0 (0) |
7 (9.1) |
1 (5.6) |
8 (5.0) |
| Stroke on OAC/NOAC |
2 (3) |
0 (0) |
1 (5.6) |
3 (1.9) |
| Procedural findings |
WATCHMAN (n=67) |
ACP/Amulet (n=77) |
LAmbre (n=18) |
Total (n=162) |
p-value |
| Anaesthesia |
General anaesthesia |
23 (34.3) |
31 (40.3) |
0 (0) |
54 (33.3) |
<0.001 |
| Local anaesthesia |
0 (0) |
3 (3.9) |
17 (94.4) |
20 (12.3) |
| Monitored anaesthetic care |
44 (65.7) |
43 (55.8) |
1 (5.6) |
88 (54.3) |
| Procedural time, minutes |
91.6±23.4 |
102.9±31.2 |
89.1±23.3 |
96.6±27.8 |
0.03 |
| Fluoroscopy time, minutes |
11 (8-17) |
17 (12-22) |
12 (9-14.5) |
14 (10-19) |
<0.001 |
| Length of stay, days |
3 (2-4) |
3 (2-4) |
2 (2-2.3) |
3 (2-4) |
0.08 |
| Procedural success |
65 (97.0) |
75 (97.4) |
18 (100) |
158 (97.5) |
0.77 |
| Values are expressed as mean±SD, median (IQR) or n (%). ACP: AMPLATZER Cardiac Plug; INR: international normalised ratio; NOAC: non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants; OAC: oral anticoagulants; TIA: transient ischaemic attack |
