Table 2. Contextual considerations for GVRO implementation by CFIR domain and construct.

CFIR Domain	Construct	Barrier	Facilitator
Intervention characteristics	Risk	• Risk of bodily harm during order service and firearm removal	• LEOs serving as petitioners
			• Having agents trained in firearm removal act as servers
			• Obtaining anticipatory search warrants prior to service
	Cost	• Opportunity cost	• LEOs petitioning for emergency GVROs when appropriate
		• Time-intensive process
	Adaptability	• Resistance by law enforcement to petition for GVROs	• Permitting multiple types of petitioners
Outer setting	Interagency coordination	• Lack of coordination between implementing agencies	• Inter-agency communication and collaboration; co-creation of standards and practices
	Local firearm ideology	• Politicization of the law	• Real-world examples of the law’s utility
Inner setting	Readiness for implementation	• Lack of awareness and education about the law	• Formal training
			• Development of policies and procedures
		• Confusion about roles and responsibilities
	Culture	• Views regarding the Second Amendment	• Real-world examples of the law’s utility, especially with regard to officer safety
Process	Planning	• No state funding for implementation	• Allocating funding for local implementation
		• No plan for implementation	• Dedicating personnel to coordinate cross-agency implementation procedures
		• Ad hoc procedures
	Engaging	• Lack of education and training among those responsible for implementation	• In-person training
			• Local champions
			• Prioritization of GVROs by leadership