Table 2.
Analysis of variance and Tukey’s honest significant difference post hoc test to compare the means empathy score of students studying in different years with each other
| Mean empathy score | Df | CI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BDS (year), mean±SD | |||
| 1st | 92.55±11.85 | 4 | −1.938-5.9891 |
| 2nd | 91.85±12.23 | ||
| 3rd | 93.25±11.24 | ||
| 4th | 93.37±12.31 | ||
| 5th (interns) | 88.34±12.01 | ||
| Total | 91.96±12.09 | ||
| P | 0.0007 (HS) | ||
| Tukey HSD post hoc pairwise comparison | |||
| 1-2 | 0.532 (NS) | 4 | −4.7194-3.3194 |
| 1-3 | 0.623 (NS) | −3.2201-4.6201 | |
| 1-4 | 0.523 (NS) | −2.7527-4.3927 | |
| 1-5 | 0.004 (S) | −8.0631-−0.3569 | |
| 2-3 | 0.198 (NS) | −2.5433-5.3433 | |
| 2-4 | 0.148 (NS) | −2.0782-5.1182 | |
| 2-5 | 0.025 (S) | −7.3868-0.3668 | |
| 3-4 | 0.996 | −3.3669-3.6069 | |
| 3-5 | <0.001 (HS) | −8.6837-−1.1363 | |
| 4-5 | <0.001 (HS) | −8.4414-−1.6186 |
Df: Degree of freedom; CI: Confidence interval; SD: Standard deviation; HS: Highly significant; S: Significant; NS: Not significant; HSD: Honest significant difference