Skip to main content
. 2021 Aug 23;20(18):1890–1906. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1965734

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

ACh protected mitochondrial function in PA-treated NRVCs. (a) Representative confocal images showing mitochondrial morphology in NRVCs. (b) The percentage of cells displaying fragmented mitochondria in each group, quantified in four randomly chosen fields of view (more than 200 cells) per experiment; n = 3 independent experiments. Scale bar, 10 μm. (c) JC-1 staining. Changes in the red/green fluorescence ratio were quantified. Scale bar, 50 μm. The experiments were repeated three times with cells obtained from three independent cultures, and static fluorescence images of four visual fields were analyzed for each sample. (d)  ACh administration attenuated the PA-induced increase in mitochondrial ROS levels. Scale bar, 50 μm. The experiments were repeated four times with cells obtained from four independent cultures, and static fluorescence images of four visual fields were analyzed for each sample. (e) Expression of CPT1B in cardiomyocytes; n = 6 independent experiments. (f) Intracellular ATP content; n = 6 independent experiments. ***P < 0.001 vs. Con; ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs. PA