Table 2.
Age-adjusted means and 95% CI of anthropometric and body composition measurements by sex-specific birth weight quintiles
| Variable | Quintile of sex-specific birth weight | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | ||
| Female | ||||||
| Birth weight (kg) | < 2.81 | 2.81–3.18 | 3.19–3.40 | 3.41–3.71 | ≥ 3.72 | |
| Number | 546 | 637 | 526 | 466 | 536 | |
| Height (cm) | 160.9 (160–161) | 162.5 (162–163) | 163.8 (163–164) | 163.7 (163–164) | 165.4 (165.0–166.0) | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 69.2 (68.0–70.5) | 69.2 (68.0–70.3) | 70.4 (69.1–71.6) | 70.5 (69.1–71.8) | 73.1 (71.8–74.3) | < 0.001 |
| Waist (cm) | 84.8 (83.7–85.9) | 84.0 (83.0–85.0) | 83.5 (82.4–84.6) | 84.1 (82.9–85.2) | 84.8 (83.7–85.9 | 0.400 |
| Hip (cm) | 104.6 (104–106) | 104.5 (104–105) | 104.7 (104–106) | 104.9 (104.0–106.0) | 106.3 (105–107) | 0.059 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.8 (26.3–27.2) | 26.2 (25.8–26.6) | 26.2 (25.8–26.6) | 26.3 (25.9–26.8) | 26.7 (26.3–27.2) | 0.253 |
| WHR | 0.807 (0.80–0.81) | 0.802 (0.80–0.81) | 0.796 (0.79–0.80) | 0.80 (0.79–0.81) | 0.796 (0.79–0.80) | 0.032 |
| Lean mass (kg) | 39.5 (39.1–39.9) | 40.5 (40.1–40.9) | 41.4 (41.0–41.8) | 41.4 (40.9–41.8) | 43.0 (42.5–43.4) | < 0.001 |
| Water mass (kg) | 28.9 (28.6–29.2) | 29.6 (29.4–29.9) | 30.3 (30.0–30.6 | 30.3 (30.0–30.6) | 31.4 (31.1–31.8) | < 0.001 |
| FM* (kg) | 27.4 (26.4–27.9) | 25.8 (24.9–26.7) | 26.0 (25.0–27.0) | 26.2 (25.2–27.3) | 27.1 (26.5–27.5) | 0.062 |
| Fat (%) | 41.6 (40.7–42.5) | 39.6 (38.7–40.4) | 39.3 (38.4–40.2) | 39.4 (38.4–40.4) | 39.5 (38.5–40.4) | 0.024 |
| FM/FFM* (%) | 67.8 (64.9–70.1) | 64.1 (61.8–65.5) | 63.3 (60.8–65.8) | 63.8 (61.1–66.5) | 64.3 (61.8–66.9) | 0.093 |
| FM/FFM2* (%) | 1.72 (1.65–1.80) | 1.59 (1.53–1.66) | 1.54 (1.47–1.60) | 1.55 (1.48–1.62) | 1.51 (1.45–1.58) | < 0.001 |
| Male | ||||||
| Birth weight (kg) | < 3.06 | 3.06–3.36 | 3.37–3.63 | 3.64-4.04 | ≥ 4.05 | |
| Number | 364 | 355 | 408 | 311 | 353 | |
| Height (cm) | 174.7 (174–175) | 175.7 (175–176) | 176.9 (176–178) | 178.6 (178–179) | 179.4 (179–180) | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 82.3 (80.9–83.7) | 83.3 (81.8–84.7) | 84.4 (83.1–85.8) | 88.8 (87.3–90.4) | 89.5 (88.1–91.0) | < 0.001 |
| Waist (cm) | 96.0 (94.9–97.1) | 95.9 (94.8–97.0) | 96.3 (95.3–97.4) | 98.9 (97.7–100) | 98.8 (97.7–99.9) | < 0.001 |
| Hip (cm) | 103.8 (103–105) | 103.5 (103–104) | 104.2 (104–105) | 106.2 (105–107) | 106.1 (105–107) | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.9 (26.5–27.3) | 26.9 (26.5–27.3) | 27.0 (26.6–27.4) | 27.9 (27.4–28.3) | 27.8 (27.4–28.3) | < 0.001 |
| WHR | 0.924 (0.92–0.93) | 0.926 (0.92–0.93) | 0.923 (0.92–0.93) | 0.929 (0.92–0.94) | 0.929 (0.92–0.94) | 0.469 |
| Lean mass (kg) | 61.4 (60.7–62.0) | 62.3 (61.6–62.9) | 63.3 (62.7–63.9) | 60.0 (64.3–65.7) | 65.8 (65.2–66.4) | < 0.001 |
| Water mass (kg) | 44.9 (44.5–45.4) | 45.6 (45.1–46.0) | 46.3 (45.9–46.8) | 47.6 (47.1–48.1) | 48.2 (47.7–48.6) | < 0.001 |
| FM* (kg) | 19.1 (18.2–20.0) | 19.0 (18.1–20.0) | 19.6 (18.8–20.4) | 21.6 (20.5–22.6) | 21.5 (20.5–22.5) | < 0.001 |
| Fat (%) | 24.6 (23.8–25.3) | 24.3 (23.5–25.0) | 24.3 (23.6–25.0) | 25.7 (24.9–26.6) | 25.5 (24.8–26.3) | 0.014 |
| FM/FFM* (%) | 31.8 (30.0–32.6) | 31.7 (29.5–32.1) | 31.1 (29.9–32.3) | 33.2 (31.8–34.8) | 32.9 (31.5–34.3) | 0.035 |
| FM/FFM2* (%) | 0.55 (0.51–0.59) | 0.50 (0.48–0.52) | 0.49 (0.48–0.51) | 0.51 (0.49–0.54) | 0.50 (0.48–0.52) | 0.055 |
Values are presented as mean (95% CI).
*Geometric mean.
CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; FM, fat mass; FFM, fat free mass.