Figure 5.

Treatment of K/BxN mice after disease onset reduces disease progression. (A) K/BxN mice were treated after disease onset, measured as >3mm in one or more joints. Mice were either left untreated or treated with 5 weekly injections of both GPI-STALs (GPI-LP-CD22L) and PLGA-R nanoparticles. (B) Progression of disease severity measured by total joint thickness for untreated mice (left panel), and mice treated with GPI-STALs (GPI-LP-CD22L) and PLGA-R nanoparticles containing either 50 μg (middle panel) or 100 μg (right panel) of rapamycin. The mean progression for untreated mice (red curve left panel) is repeated in the middle and right panels for comparison. (C) Anti-GPI antibody titers from untreated and GPI-STALs + PLGA-R treated K/BxN mice on days 30–35 and day 50–55. Statistical analyses were performed using mixed-effect analysis with a Sidak post-test in 5B and two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test in 5C (**** P ≤ 0.0001; *** P ≤ 0.001; ** P ≤ 0.01; *P ≤ 0.05 and ns indicates not significant).