Table 3.
The association of PTSD symptoms and SSI with COVID-19 epidemic-related factors (N = 33,706).
| Epidemic-related factors | Variables |
PCL-C(PTSD symptoms) |
SSI |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | x2 | P | Positive | Negative | x2 | P | ||
| Total | 1697(5.0%) | 32,009(95.0%) | 447(1.3%) | 33,259(98.7%) | |||||
| Gender | Female | 1351(5.2%) | 24,509(94.8%) | 8.350 | 0.004* | 373(1.4%) | 25,487(98.6%) | 11.465 | 0.001* |
| Male | 346(4.4%) | 7500(95.6%) | 74(0.9%) | 7772(99.1%) | |||||
| Age | 18–25 | 339(5.3%) | 6104(94.7%) | 15.383 | 0.004* | 108(1.7%) | 6335(98.3%) | 21.448 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| 26–30 | 503(5.5%) | 8603(94.5%) | 143(1.6%) | 8963(98.4%) | |||||
| 31–40 | 544(5.0%) | 10,337(95.0%) | 125(1.1%) | 10,756(98.9%) | |||||
| 41–50 | 238(4.5%) | 5110(95.5%) | 58(1.1%) | 5290(98.9%) | |||||
| >50 | 73(3.8%) | 1855(96.2%) | 13(0.7%) | 1915(99.3%) | |||||
| Marriage | Married | 1141(4.8%) | 22,573(95.2%) | 8.336 | 0.004* | 261(1.1%) | 23,453(98.9%) | 31.101 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| Single or divorce | 556(5.6%) | 9436(94.4%) | 186(1.9%) | 9806(98.1%) | |||||
| Profession | Doctor | 641(4.6%) | 13,162(95.4%) | 34.557 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 161(1.2%) | 13,642(98.8%) | 18.011 | 0.003* |
| Nurse | 871(5.7%) | 14,453(94.3%) | 236(1.5%) | 15,088(98.5%) | |||||
| Technician | 73(3.5%) | 2000(96.5%) | 14(0.7%) | 2059(99.3%) | |||||
| Administrator | 37(4.0%) | 878(96.0%) | 10(1.1%) | 905(98.9%) | |||||
| Backoffice | 11(2.7%) | 393(97.3%) | 4(1.0%) | 400(99.0%) | |||||
| else | 64(5.4%) | 1123(94.6%) | 22(1.9%) | 1165(98.1%) | |||||
| Job title | junior | 1174(4.9%) | 22,560(95.1%) | 1.482 | 0.477 | 330(1.4%) | 23,404(98.6%) | 2.749 | 0.253 |
| middle | 403(5.3%) | 7207(94.7%) | 87(1.1%) | 7523(98.9%) | |||||
| senior | 120(5.1%) | 2240(94.9%) | 30(1.3%) | 2330(98.7%) | |||||
| Educational background | undergraduate or less | 1631(5.0%) | 30,731(95.0%) | 0.068 | 0.794 | 432(1.3%) | 31,930(98.7%) | 0.426 | 0.514 |
| postgraduate or more | 65(4.9%) | 1267(95.1%) | 15(1.1%) | 1317(98.9%) | |||||
| Employment year | <=5 | 509(4.7%) | 10,437(95.3%) | 12.725 | 0.002* | 159(1.5%) | 10,787(98.5%) | 3.495 | 0.174 |
| 6–10 | 542(5.7%) | 8974(94.3%) | 131(1.4%) | 9385(98.6%) | |||||
| >10 | 646(4.9%) | 12,587(95.1%) | 157(1.2%) | 13,076(98.8%) | |||||
| Necessary of regularly psychological intervention during the epidemic | No | 286(4.6%) | 5929(95.4%) | 2.908 | 0.088 | 86(1.4%) | 6129(98.6%) | 0.23 | 0.631 |
| Yes | 1408(5.1%) | 26,064(94.9%) | 359(1.3%) | 27,113(98.7%) | |||||
| Concern about epidemic | No | 155(9.8%) | 1422(90.2%) | 79.477 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 58(3.7%) | 1519(96.3%) | 69.89 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| Yes | 1542(4.8%) | 30,580(95.2%) | 389(1.2%) | 31,733(98.8%) | |||||
| Confidence about defeating COVID19 | No | 63(25.4%) | 185(74.6%) | 217.389 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 26(10.5%) | 222(89.5%) | 160.482 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| Yes | 1630(4.9%) | 31,813(95.1%) | 420(1.3%) | 33,023(98.7%) | |||||
| Level of hospital | Designated hospital | 4(2.3%) | 169(97.7%) | 4.832 | 0.184 | 1(0.6%) | 172(99.4%) | 64.548 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| main district hospital | 741(4.9%) | 14,312(95.1%) | 117(0.8%) | 14,936(99.2%) | |||||
| county hospital | 891(5.1%) | 16,552(94.9%) | 310(1.8%) | 17,133(98.2%) | |||||
| non-hospital | 61(5.9%) | 976(94.1%) | 19(1.8%) | 1018(98.2%) | |||||
| Frontline department | No | 186(7.3%) | 2346(92.7%) | 30.659 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 26(1.0%) | 2506(99.0%) | 1.877 | 0.171 |
| Yes | 1510(4.8%) | 29,659(95.2%) | 421(1.4%) | 30,748(98.6%) | |||||
| Isolation and protection of the department | complete isolation ward | 112(4.9%) | 2168(95.1%) | 10.841 | 0.004* | 18(0.8%) | 2262(99.2%) | 5.393 | 0.067 |
| partial isolation ward | 385(5.8%) | 6221(94.2%) | 91(1.4%) | 6515(98.6%) | |||||
| general ward | 1200(4.8%) | 23,620(95.2%) | 338(1.4%) | 24,482(98.6%) | |||||
| Infected with COVID-19 in community | no | 1507(4.9%) | 29,215(95.1%) | 11.738 | 0.001* | 389(1.3%) | 30,333(98.7%) | 8.696 | 0.003* |
| yes | 189(6.3%) | 2791(93.7%) | 57(1.9%) | 2923(98.1%) | |||||
| Willingness of participant in parties | no | 1452(4.8%) | 28,757(95.2%) | 31.200 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 368(1.2%) | 29,841(98.8%) | 26.099 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| yes | 244(7.0%) | 3247(93.0%) | 79(2.3%) | 3412(97.7%) | |||||
| Experienced SARS | No | 1431(4.9%) | 27,768(95.1%) | 7.964 | 0.005* | 381(1.3%) | 28,818(98.7%) | 0.582 | 0.446 |
| Yes | 265(5.9%) | 4235(94.1%) | 65(1.4%) | 4435(98.6%) | |||||
| Need of psychological assistance before epidemic | no | 1124(3.7%) | 29,369(96.3%) | 1215.640 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 267(0.9%) | 30,226(99.1%) | 492.086 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| yes | 572(17.8%) | 2635(82.2%) | 179(5.6%) | 3028(94.4%) | |||||
| Need of psychological assistance during epidemic remission | no | 1107(3.6%) | 29,827(96.4%) | 1655.532 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 248(0.8%) | 30,686(99.2%) | 778.4 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| yes | 587(21.2%) | 2179(78.8%) | 197(7.1%) | 2569(92.9%) | |||||
| Exposure to severe COVID-19 patients | no | 1599(4.9%) | 30,924(95.1%) | 20.802 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 413(1.3%) | 32,110(98.7%) | 20.931 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| yes | 92(7.9%) | 1075(92.1%) | 33(2.8%) | 1134(97.2%) | |||||
| Exposure to died COVID-19 patients | no | 1648(5.0%) | 31,560(95.0%) | 13.611 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 434(1.3%) | 32,774(98.7%) | 1.096 | 0.295 |
| yes | 42(8.6%) | 444(91.4%) | 9(1.9%) | 477(98.1%) | |||||
| Stress-feeling at work during COVID-19 remission | none | 62(2.0%) | 3096(98.0%) | 711.309 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 18(0.6%) | 3140(99.4%) | 188.593 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| mild | 145(2.7%) | 5170(97.3%) | 38(0.7%) | 5277(99.3%) | |||||
| fair | 769(4.1%) | 18,169(95.9%) | 201(1.1%) | 18,737(98.9%) | |||||
| big | 363(11.3%) | 2836(88.7%) | 87(2.7%) | 3112(97.3%) | |||||
| huge | 342(11.9%) | 2530(88.1%) | 100(3.5%) | 2772(96.5%) | |||||
| Perceptions of support | No familIes support | 307(16.9%) | 1513(83.1%) | 563.878 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 115(6.3%) | 1705(93.7%) | 367.601 | 0.000⁎⁎ |
| No colleagues support | 354(16.6%) | 1780(83.4%) | 637.084 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 120(5.6%) | 2014(94.4%) | 322.466 | 0.000⁎⁎ | |
| No Hospital authority support | 717(10.9%) | 5884(89.1%) | 585.161 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 226(3.4%) | 6375(96.6%) | 278.551 | 0.000⁎⁎ | |
| No Insurance and compensation support | 737(9.8%) | 6796(90.2%) | 457.919 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 211(2.8%) | 7322(97.2%) | 162.104 | 0.000⁎⁎ | |
| No Patients support | 832(9.6%) | 7861(90.4%) | 505.694 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 239(2.7%) | 8454(97.3%) | 182.36 | 0.000⁎⁎ | |
| No Mass media support | 667(10.4%) | 5740(89.6%) | 479.331 | 0.000⁎⁎ | 190(3.0%) | 6217(97.0%) | 163.284 | 0.000⁎⁎ | |
PCL-C=The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version;SSI = Suicidal and self-injurious ideation;.
⁎
p-value < 0.05;.
⁎⁎
p-value < 0.001.