Table 1.

Sample Demographics and Descriptive Data by Families and Parent Gender.

	Combined (n=247)		Fathers (n=110)		Mothers (n=137)
Demographics	M(SD)/%	n	M(SD)/%	n	M(SD)/%	n
Parents’ Education
Less than high school	11.7%	29	21.8%	24	3.6%	5
High school diploma	19.4%	48	18.2%	20	20.4%	28
Some college	30.8%	76	29.1%	32	32.1%	44
2–4year college	12.1%	30	11.8%	13	12.4%	17
4year college or above	25.9%	64	19.1%	21	31.4%	43
Parents’ Ethnicity
White	7.3%	18	9.1%	10	5.8%	8
Black	13.8%	34	12.7%	14	14.6%	20
Hispanic	70.4%	174	66.4%	73	73.4%	101
Others	8.5%	21	11.8%	13	5.8%	8
Parent age (in years)	31.2(6.3)	245	32.7(6.7)	109	30.4 (5.8)	137
	Families (n=142)		Fathers (n=110)		Mothers (n=137)
Study Variables	M(SD)	Range	M(SD)	Range	M(SD)	Range
Parent Mental Health	–	–	5.2(3.7)	0–19	6.5(3.6)	0–18
Parent Engagement	39.1(6.0)	10–50	18.4(3.8)	5–25	20.5(2.9)	8–25
Child Socioemotional Problems	2.5(1.0)	0–4.8	2.4(1.2)	0–4.8	2.5(1.3)	0–5
Child Prosocial Behaviors	4.0(0.8)	0–5	4.0(0.9)	0–5	4.1(0.8)	2–5
Economic Stressors	1.0(0.7)	0–2	0.9(0.8)	0–2	1.0(0.8)	0–2
Social Stressors	0.6(0.6)	0–2	0.6(0.6)	0–2	0.6(0.6)	0–2
Parent Positivity	22.4(3.9)	10–30	22.7(4.0)	10–30	22.2(4.9)	9–30
Coparenting Support	34.2(7.5)	2–42	35.6(7.2)	9–42	34.1(8.4)	2–42

Due to missing data on some variables, not all responses to individual items sum to 247 participants or 142 families (Larose et al., 2021).