Table 2.

Summary of targets involved and strategies to improve the efficiency in UCAR-T cell therapy.

Target	UCAR-T product	Improving strategies	Editing tools	Development phase	Reference/NCT number
CD 19	UCART019	TRAC and B2M KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I/II	NCT03166878
	CTX110	TRAC and B2M KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I	NCT04035434
	/	TRAC, B2M and PD-1 KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Preclinical	(27)
	UCART19/ALLO-501	TRAC KO with or without CD52 KO	TALEN	Phase I	NCT02735083; NCT02808442; NCT02746952;
	FT819	TRAC KO and iPSC-derived T cells	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I	NCT04629729;
BCMA	CTX120	TRAC and B2M KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I	NCT04244656
CD123	UCART123	TRAC KO	TALEN	Phase I	NCT03190278; NCT03203369
CD22	UCART-22	TRAC and CD52 KO	TALEN	Phase I	NCT04150497
CS1	UCARTCS1A	TRAC and CS1 KO	TALEN	Phase I	NCT04142619
CD19/CD20; CD19/CD22	Universal dual specificity CAR-T cells	TRAC KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I/II	NCT03398967
CD5	CT125A	TRAC and CD5 KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I	NCT04767308
CD7	GC027	TRAC and CD7 KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I	(28)
	UCART7	TRAC and CD7 KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Preclinical	(26)
CD70	CTX130	TRAC and B2M KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I	NCT04438083; NCT04502446
Mesothelin	/	TRAC and PD1 KO	CRISPR/Cas9	Phase I	NCT03545815
NKG2D	CYAD-101	TIM peptide of CD3ζ	Retroviral vector	Phase I	NCT03692429
NKG2DL	CTM-N2D	γδ T Cells	/	Phase I	NCT04107142
GD2	/	EBV-CTLs	/	Phase I	NCT00085930

TRAC, T-cell receptor alpha constant chain; B2M, beta-2-microglobulin; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; CRISPR/Cas9, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9; TALEN, transcription activator-like effector nuclease; iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cell; BCMA, B-cell maturation protein; TIM peptide, TIM peptide TRAC-inhibitory molecule peptide; EBV-CTLs, Epstein–Barr virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes; KO, knockout.