Figure 3.

Prevalence and determinants of cardiopulmonary symptoms (chest pain, palpitations, syncope, dyspnoea, or dizziness) among previously hospitalised COVID-19 patients. A: At 2-3 months, 83% of patients experienced at least one cardiopulmonary symptom. By 6 months, this improved to 52% and was comparable to controls. B: Forest plot depicts the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals of having any cardiopulmonary symptom at 6 months given the changes on ECG, CMR, PFT, and CPET measures. An abnormal ECG was defined as rhythm abnormalities and/or the presence of bundle branch block, ST-segment elevation/depression or T wave inversion. Elevated NT-proBNP was defined as ≥125 ng/L. (OR - Odds ratio. CI - Confidence interval. ECG – Electrocardiogram. NT-proBNP - N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide. LVEDVi - Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (indexed), mls/m². LVESVi - Left ventricular end-systolic volume (indexed). LVSVi - Left ventricular stroke volume (indexed), mls/m². RVEDVi - Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (indexed), mls/m². RVESVi - Right ventricular end-systolic volume (indexed), mls/m². RVSVi - Right ventricular stroke volume (indexed), mls/m². LGE - Late gadolinium enhancement, %. FEV₁ – Forced expiratory volume in 1 second, % of predicted. FVC – Forced vital capacity, % of predicted. DL_co - Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, % of predicted. pVO₂ - Peak oxygen consumption, % of predicted. VE/VCO₂ - Ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide. O₂ pulse - Oxygen pulse, % of predicted.)