Table 2.
Demographics and patient characteristics by trauma center and age cohorts
| 0-14 years old | 15-18 years old | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| PTC (n=2315) | ATC (n=1805) | P | PTC (n=1585) | ATC (n=4323) | P | |
| Age (years), mean±SD | 7.5±4.6 | 7±5 | 0.001 | 16.9±1 | 16.7±1 | 0.001 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 1501 (65) | 1181 (65) | 0.7 | 118 (70) | 3049 (70) | 0.99 |
| Mechanism of injury | ||||||
| Penetrating | 133 (6) | 207 (11) | <0.001 | 225 (14) | 763 (18) | 0.002 |
| Stab wounds | 8 (0.3) | 6 (0.3) | 0.99 | 35 (2) | 122 (3) | 0.20 |
| GSW | 117 (5) | 196 (11) | <0.001 | 190 (12) | 642 (15) | 0.005 |
| Blunt | 2182 (94) | 1598 (88) | <0.001 | 1360 (86) | 3560 (82) | 0.002 |
| HDI prehospital, n (%) | 195 (10) | 229 (15) | <0.001 | 162 (11) | 571 (15) | 0.003 |
| Penetrating | 34 (28) | 48 (26) | 0.69 | 52 (25) | 209 (31) | 0.11 |
| Blunt | 161 (9) | 181 (13) | <0.001 | 110 (9) | 362 (11) | 0.04 |
| HDI in ED, n (%) | 173 (8) | 219 (12) | <0.001 | 144 (9) | 418 (10) | 0.51 |
| Penetrating | 19 (15) | 48 (24) | 0.06 | 47 (22) | 160 (22) | 0.92 |
| Blunt | 154 (7) | 171 (11) | <0.001 | 97 (7) | 258 (7) | 0.95 |
| TT (min), median (IQR) | 57 (42-83) | 55 (40-76) | <0.001 | 64 (46-88) | 59 (42-83) | 0.001 |
| Prehospital HDI | 48 (34-66) | 44 (33-64) | 0.24 | 51 (39-75) | 50 (35-73) | 0.41 |
| No prehospital HDI | 60 (44-85) | 58 (43-79) | 0.013 | 64 (47-87) | 61 (44-84) | <0.001 |
| ISS, median (IQR) | 22 (17-29) | 22 (17-29) | 0.29 | 22 (17-29) | 22 (17-29) | 0.51 |
| GCS, median (IQR) | 14 (5-15) | 13 (3-15) | 0.001 | 15 (3-15) | 14 (3-15) | 0.23 |
| Severe TBI, n (%) | 678 (31) | 654 (38) | <0.001 | 450 (31) | 1251 (31) | 0.99 |
| GCS<9, n (%) | 721 (31) | 580 (32) | 0.49 | 505 (32) | 1484 (34) | 0.07 |
| NS interventions GCS<9 | 43 (5.6) | 37 (6) | 0.81 | 23 (4.5) | 70 (4.7) | 0.99 |
| ICP monitoring | 26 (3.4) | 19 (3.1) | 0.76 | 16 (3.2) | 50 (3.3) | 0.88 |
| Craniotomy* | 17 (2.2) | 18 (2.9) | 0.49 | 7 (1.4) | 20 (1.3) | 0.99 |
| ED mortality, n (%) | 70 (3) | 130 (7.2) | <0.001 | 42 (2.6) | 175 (4) | 0.012 |
| IP mortality, n (%) | 202 (8.7) | 215 (12) | 0.001 | 155 (9.8) | 469 (10.8) | 0.25 |
PTC: Pediatric trauma centers, SD: Standard deviation, GSW: Gunshot wounds, HDI: Hemodynamic instability, ED: Emergency department, IQR: Interquartile range, ISS: Injury severity score, GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale, TBI: Traumatic brain injury, ICP: Intracranial pressure, IP: In-patient, NS: Neurosurgery, ATC: Adult trauma center, TT: Tube thoracostomy