Table 2.
Comparison of IPSS, QoL, serum PSA, maximum urine flow, PVR, and prostate volume between groups at different time points
| Variables | Tamsulosin (n = 34) | Pumpkin (n = 39) | P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD (95% CI) | Mean ± SD (95% CI) | ||
| Baseline IPSS | 10.58 ± 5.70 (8.55–12.60) | 11.08 ± 5.71 (9.23–12.93) | 0.773 |
| IPSS at 1 month | 7.35 ± 4.53 (5.77–8.93) | 9.33 ± 5.57 (7.53–11.14) | 0.174 |
| IPSS at 3 months | 5.65 ± 4.25 (4.09–7.20) | 7.46 ± 5.84 (5.51–9.41) | 0.231 |
| P-value | < 0.001† | < 0.001† | |
| IPSS change from baseline to 1 month | − 3.30 ± 3.15 (− 4.42–− 2.19) | − 1.74 ± 3.02 (− 2.72–− 0.77) | 0.048 |
| IPSS change from baseline to 3 months | − 5.33 ± 3.64 (− 6.69–− 3.97) | − 3.19 ± 3.63 (− 4.40–− 1.98) | 0.020 |
| IPSS change from 1 to 3 months | − 1.84 ± 2.59 (− 2.79–− 0.89) | − 1.46 ± 3.81 (− 2.73–− 0.19) | 0.728 |
| Baseline QoL score | 2.35 ± 1.41 (1.86–2.85) | 2.41 ± 1.33 (1.98–2.84) | 0.767 |
| QoL score at 3 months | 1.38 ± 0.99 (1.04–1.73) | 1.67 ± 1.06 (1.32–2.01) | 0.148 |
| P-value | < 0.001‡ | 0.001‡ | |
| QoL change | − 0.97 ± 1.03 (− 1.33–− 0.61) | − 0.74 ± 1.16 (− 1.12–− 0.37) | 0.465 |
| Baseline serum PSA (ng/ml) | 2.39 ± 1.57 (1.80–2.99) | 2.91 ± 2.54 (2.05–3.77) | 0.678 |
| Serum PSA at 3 months (ng/ml) | 2.67 ± 2.16 (1.81–3.52) | 3.05 ± 2.88 (1.83–4.26) | 0.706 |
| P-value | 0.194‡ | 0.903‡ | |
| Serum PSA change (ng/ml) | 0.48 ± 1.41 (− 0.11–1.07) | 0.13 ± 1.36 (− 0.47–0.73) | 0.396¶ |
| Baseline prostate volume (ml) | 50.93 ± 22.74 (42.87–58.99) | 53.53 ± 23.53 (45.79–61.26) | 0.511 |
| Prostate volume at 3 months (ml) | 55.00 ± 21.22 (46.21–63.75) | 58.32 ± 23.78 (46.85–69.77) | 0.629¶ |
| P-value | 0.569‡ | 0.180§ | |
| Prostate volume change (ml) | 0.38 ± 11.43 (− 4.44–5.20) | 3.22 ± 9.77 (− 1.63–8.08) | 0.402¶ |
| Baseline PVR (ml) mean ± SD | 67.56 ± 71.32 (38.12–97.00) | 67.03 ± 53.67 (46.62–87.45) | 0.385 |
| PVR at 3 months (ml) | 56.43 ± 81.63 (19.27–93.59) | 51.61 ± 33.54 (34.93–68.29) | 0.080 |
| P-value | 0.723‡ | 0.087‡ | |
| PVR change (ml) | − 9.56 ± 94.93 (− 56.76–37.65) | − 7.67 ± 21.98 (− 19.84–4.50) | 0.563 |
| Baseline maximum urine flow (ml/sec) | 12.97 ± 11.41 (8.45–17.48) | 9.44 ± 4.92 (7.69–11.18) | 0.172 |
| Maximum urine flow at 3 months (ml/sec) | 12.27 ± 5.62 (9.83–14.69) | 11.18 ± 6.09 (8.61–13.75) | 0.344 |
| P-value | 0.698‡ | 0.091‡ | |
| Maximum urine flow change (ml/sec) | 0.11 ± 3.09 (− 1.42–1.64) | 1.82 ± 4.39 (− 0.12–3.77) | 0.328 |
SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval; IPSS: International Prostate Symptom Score; QoL, quality of life; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PVR, postvoid residual
*Analyzed by Mann–Whitney test
†Analyzed by Friedman test
‡Analyzed by Wilcoxon test
§ Analyzed by paired t-test
¶Analyzed by independent t test