Table 3.
Secondary outcomes; a comparison of characteristics between the low and high E-swallow groups, as defined by a median split on the percentage of E-swallowing during high flow oxygen therapy (HFNO), low flow oxygen therapy (LFNO), and both treatments
| Variables | Total (n = 22) | p value | HFNO (n = 22) | p value | LFNO (n = 22) | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E ≤ 68% (n = 11) |
E > 68% (n = 11) |
E ≤ 68% (n = 9) |
E > 68% (n = 13) |
E ≤ 68% (n = 11) |
E > 68% (n = 11) |
||||
| Age (yr), mean ± SD | 50 ± 11 | 62 ± 11 | 0.020* | 50 ± 12 | 60 ± 11 | 0.054 | 55 ± 13 | 56 ± 12 | 0.647 |
| Male, n (%) | 8 (72.7%) | 7 (63.6%) | 0.647 | 6 (66.7%) | 9 (69.2%) | 0.899 | 8 (72.7%) | 7 (63.6%) | 0.647 |
| Female, n (%) | 3 (27.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | 3 (33.3%) | 4 (30.8%) | 3 (27.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 20.4 ± 2.4 | 24.2 ± 5.2 | 0.045* | 20.0 ± 2.7 | 23.9 ± 4.7 | 0.039* | 21.6 ± 4.1 | 23.0 ± 4.8 | 0.476 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||||||
| HT | 3 (27.3%) | 8 (72.7%) | 0.033* | 3 (33.3%) | 8 (61.5%) | 0.193 | 5 (45.5%) | 6 (54.5%) | 0.670 |
| DM | 3 (27.3%) | 6 (54.5%) | 0.193 | 3 (33.3%) | 6 (46.2%) | 0.548 | 4 (36.4%) | 5 (45.5%) | 0.665 |
| DLP | 3 (27.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | 0.647 | 3 (33.3%) | 4 (30.8%) | 0.899 | 3 (27.3%) | 4 (36.4%) | 0.647 |
| CKD | 3 (27.3%) | 3 (27.3%) | 1.000 | 3 (33.3%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0.595 | 4 (36.4%) | 2 (18.2%) | 0.338 |
| IHD | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0.306 | 0 (0%) | 1 (7.7%) | 0.394 | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0.306 |
| APACHE II, mean ± SD | 5.6 ± 2.7 | 6.6 ± 3.8 | 0.440 | 5.9 ± 2.7 | 6.2 ± 3.7 | 0.813 | 6.6 ± 3.4 | 5.6 ± 3.1 | 0.521 |
| ETT duration (days),median | 3 [2, 4] | 2 2, 6] | 0.972 | 4 [2, 6] | 2 [2, 5] | 0.268 | 3 [2, 4] | 2 [2, 6] | 0.972 |
| Sedation, n (%) | |||||||||
| Fentanyl | 6 (54.5%) | 5 (45.5%) | 0.670 | 6 (66.7%) | 5 (38.5%) | 0.193 | 6 (54.5%) | 5 (45.5%) | 0.670 |
| Midazolam | 3 (27.3%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0.269 | 3 (33.3%) | 1 (7.7%) | 0.125 | 2 (18.2%) | 2 (18.2%) | 1.000 |
| Propofol | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.306 | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.219 | 0 (0%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0.306 |
*p < 0.05; yr, year; BMI, body mass index; HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; DLP, dyslipidemia; CKD, chronic kidney disease; IHD, ischemic heart disease; APACHE II, Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II; ETT, endotracheal tube