Table 3.

Effect of antihypertensive drugs on arterial stiffness (adapted from Boutouyrie et al. [44] and Ong et al. [45])

Agent class	Effect(s) on arterial stiffness	Comments
ACE inhibitors	↓	Likely among the strongest reducers of arterial stiffness
Aldosterone antagonist	↓	See text for expanded commentary
Alpha-blockers	↓
ARB	↓	Likely among the strongest reducers of arterial stiffness
Beta-blockers	↔/↓	Heterogeneous group of drugs
CCB	↔/↓	? arterial stiffness improvement offset by sympathetic activation
Diuretics	↔/↓	Long-term trials show arterial stiffness reduction