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Schematic of Aβ hypothesis. APP is sequentially cleaved via amyloidogenic or non-amyloidogenic pathways. In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, it is cleaved by α-secretase, resulting in the production of the sAPPα. In the amyloidogenic pathway, APP is initially cleaved by β-secretase, then γ-secretase, resulting in the production of Aβ peptides. Abbreviations: APP, amyloid precursor protein; PSEN1, presenilin 1; PSEN2, presenilin 2; Aβ, amyloid beta.
