Table 1:

Description of Cohorts

Cohort Name (IRB number)	Purpose	Number of Samples	Notes
NIH Phase 1 Vaccine Trial (20-0003)	Positive Control – Known SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated	68	68 vaccinated samples with no prior infection
JHHS Health Care Professionals (IRB00249350)	Positive Control – Known SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinated & some naturally infected	410	360 vaccinated samples with no prior infection 28 vaccinated samples with prior infection 18 vaccinated samples with suspected prior infection 4 unvaccinated sample with prior infection
Potential Convalescent Plasma Donors (IRB00250798)	Positive Control – Known SARS-CoV-2 Infected	244	Known infected (PCR positive) and non-vaccinated
CCPSEI (IRB00247886 and IRB00091667)	Positive Control – Known SARS-CoV-2 Infected	246	Known infected (PCR positive) and non-vaccinated
JHH ED 2016 (NA_00085477)	Pre-Pandemic negative control	992	Pre-pandemic samples from the same survey site as pandemic surveillance site
JHH ED 2020: 16 March to 30 April (IRB00083646, CIR00016268)	Algorithm Application	1536	Population surveillance
JHH ED 2021: 11 January to 10 March (IRB00083646, CIR00016268)	Algorithm Application	2824	Population surveillance

Abbreviations: CCPSEI, Clinical Characterization Protocol for Severe Infectious Diseases; ED, emergency department; JHHS, Johns Hopkins Healthcare System; JHH Johns Hopkins Hospital; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; SARS-CoV-2, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2.