Table 1.
Preliminary phytochemical screening of hydromethanolic crude extract and chloroform fraction of B. antidysenterica leaves.
| Phytoconstituents | Type of test | Appearance when positive | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkaloids | Wagner's and Mayer's tests | Reddish brown and white creamy ppt. | + |
| Anthraquinones | Borntrager's test (chloroform + NaOH) | Red color | − |
| Cardiac glycosides | Keller–Kiliani test (glacial acetic acid + ferric chloride + concentrated sulfuric acid) | A brown ring | − |
| Flavonoids | Alkaline reagent test | Colorless | + |
| Phenolic compounds | Ferric chloride | Bluish black | + |
| Resins | Ethanol + distilled water | Formation of a ppt. | − |
| Saponins | Foam test | Foam | + |
| Sterols | Liebermann–Burchard test (chloroform + acetic acid + sulfuric acid) | Blue green ring | + |
| Tannins | Ferric chloride | A brownish green or blue black coloration | + |
| Terpenoids | Salkowski's test (sulfuric acid + chloroform) | Reddish brown | + |
+ indicates presence; − indicates absence; ppt.: precipitate.