Table 2.
Basic information of patients in the four chronic obstructive pulmonary disease groups.
| Variables | EI < 16% | EI ≥ 16% | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAT < 10 (Group 1, n = 20) | CAT ≥ 10 (Group 2, n = 89) | CAT < 10 (Group 3, n = 32) | CAT ≥ 10 (Group 4, n = 136) | ||
| Sex, n (%) | <0.001a | ||||
| Male | 14 (70.0) | 68 (76.4) | 31 (96.93)# | 129 (94.9)#,∗ | |
| Female | 6 (30.0) | 21 (23.6) | 1 (3.1) | 7 (5.1) | |
| Age (years) | 63.4 ± 11.3 | 67.7 ± 11.0 | 67.8 ± 11.0 | 67.7 ± 9.6 | 0.350b |
| COPD education | 0.030a | ||||
| Yes, n (%) | 13 (65.0) | 27 (30.3)# | 14 (43.8) | 56 (41.2) | |
| No, n (%) | 7 (35.0) | 62 (69.7) | 18 (56.2) | 80 (58.8) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.8 (21.6,27.3) | 25.7 (22.5,27.7) | 22.7 (19.5,25.5)∗ | 22.2 (19.6,25.1)∗ | <0.001c |
| Smoking (pack-years) | 40.0 (32.5,62.5) | 36.5 (20.0,50.0) | 40.0 (20.0,60.0) | 40.0 (25.0,50.0) | 0.302c |
| WBC (×109/L) | 7.48 (5.20,9.19) | 6.71 (5.51,8.24) | 7.30 (5.38,10.34) | 6.49 (5.24,8.44) | 0.587c |
| N (%) | 71.56 ± 12.67 | 71.28 ± 10.44 | 71.76 ± 15.07 | 71.70 ± 11.15 | 0.994b |
| E (%) | 0.80 (0.40,3.48) | 1.40 (0.35,3.05) | 1.60 (0.48,2.90) | 1.50 (0.50,3.08) | 0.869c |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 80.0 (64.5,90.8) | 76.0 (66.0,88.0) | 75.5 (66.0,82.8) | 73.0 (62.5,84.8) | 0.628c |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 42.0 (37.0,45.8) | 39.0 (35.0,44.0) | 42.0 (37.0,46.5) | 43.5 (39.0,49.0)∗ | <0.001c |
COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CAT = COPD Assessment Test, EI = emphysema index, BMI = body mass index, WBC = white blood cell count, N = neutrophil count, E = eosinophil count, and Pa = partial pressure. aChi-squared analysis (Bonferroni method for difference between groups), banalysis of variance (Tukey's method for difference between groups), and cKruskal–Wallis test (Bonferroni method for difference between groups). #p < 0.05, versus Group 1; ∗p < 0.05, versus Group 2.