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. 2021 Sep 22;598(7881):468–472. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03939-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 7 — PCA for a subset of 48 FLUXNET sites mainly distributed in temperate and boreal regions and 2 different land surface models (Supplementary Table 1). The left column is FLUXNET, the centre column is OCN, and the right column is JSBACH. Panels a, b, c: the biplot resulting from the PCA. Panels d, e, f, bar plot of the loading of each ecosystem functional property to each principal component. Orange bars represent the loadings that are selected as significant and with high contribution (Supplementary Information 2). Panels g, h, i report the variance explained by each principal component. EFP acronym list: apparent carbon-use efficiency (aCUE), evaporative fraction (EF), amplitude of EF (EF_ampl), maximum evapotranspiration (ET_max), gross primary productivity at light saturation (GPP_sat), maximum surface conductance (G_smax), maximum net ecosystem productivity (NEP_max), maximum and mean basal ecosystem respiration (Rb_max and Rb, respectively), and growing season underlying water-use efficiency (uWUE). Note that the PCA results for FLUXNET (panels a, d, g) are different from Fig. 1 because here we use the subset of 48 sites used for the modelling analysis.