Extended Data Fig. 10. Evaluation of above-ground biomass satellite products against FLUXNET observation.

n = 71. We evaluated the three above-ground biomass (AGB, t DM ha⁻¹) products derived from the GlobBiomass dataset as reported in the Method section. From the product at its original resolution (100 x 100 m) we extracted the 95th percentile of the estimated AGB in 5 by 5 grid cell windows (AGB5x5, panel a with all sites, and panel b with the grasslands excluded) centered around the location of the FLUXNET sites used for the evaluation. Further, we extracted the median in 3 by 3 and 5 by 5 grid cells centered around the location of the FLUXNET site (panels c and d). Total above-ground biomass observations were gathered from the BADM dataset downloaded from the AMERIFLUX network and from the FLUXNET LaThuile release. Only data with the clear indication of the unit of AGB expressed in in dry matter (t DM ha⁻¹) were retained for the analysis. Results show that the median of the 5 by 5 grid cell window (panel c) is the best extraction method to characterize AGB at the FLUXNET sites, and therefore retained for further analysis. Adjusted determination coefficient (R²), linear regression function, and p-value calculated with the F-test are also reported.